RAPID: Collaborative Research: Autumn transition in plankton ecology during an ocean heatwave on the Northeast U.S. Shelf

RAPID：合作研究：美国东北部陆架海洋热浪期间浮游生物生态的秋季转变

基本信息

批准号：
2102434
负责人：
Heidi Sosik
金额：
$ 5.08万
依托单位：
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-12-01 至 2021-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2102434&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Collaborative Research Autumn transition

项目摘要

The continental shelf waters off the Northeast U.S. are some of the most productive on the globe. They are also warming at a faster rate than average. While a variety of climate change impacts on ocean biology have been documented, mechanistic understanding lags behind. The goal of the Northeast U.S. Shelf Long-Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) project is to understand and predict how the composition and structure of planktonic food webs change through space and time in response to the environment and how changes in the community impact ecosystem productivity, particularly at higher trophic levels. This decade has brought an increased prevalence of heat waves in the waters of the Northeast Shelf, and 2020 was no exception. This project incorporates the effect of an unusual warm temperature summer into the NES-LTER conceptual framework, recognizing that marine heat waves are superimposed on long-term warming trends. The Northeast Shelf provides an array of ecosystem services including food, energy extraction, shipping, recreation, and conservation; its integrity is critical to the function of the Northeast U.S. economy. In the face of climate change and other patterns of disturbance, sustaining these ecosystem services will require effective and efficient management. One broader impact of the study is the contribution of key knowledge for the effective management of the region through improved understanding of ecosystem dynamics and functioning. Educational opportunities for six early career scientists include research training in the field and the laboratory. These early career scientists are involved in critical data collection in a year when opportunities for new observations have been extremely limited due to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.A special process cruise is dedicated to characterizing food webs and production regimes across the Northeast Shelf during the autumn transition following the summer 2020 ocean heat wave. Field observations are documenting the nature of the transition and testing the hypothesis that autumn conditions fall along a linear continuum between summer and winter community structure, productivity, and export. The suite of NES-LTER measurements applied to past summer and winter transects are being carried out, including underway continuous sampling for pico- to micro-plankton and gas tracer-based productivity, discrete water sampling to initiate incubation experiments for plankton growth and grazing rates at stations along a cross-shelf transect, and net tows to sample larger plankton for genetic diversity and isotopic analysis for food web characterization. Ultimately, quantifying and understanding variability on seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales is enabling prediction of future productivity and ecosystem state.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国东北部的大陆架水是全球最有生产力的。他们的速度还要快于平均水平。尽管已经记录了各种气候变化对海洋生物学的影响，但机械理解的滞后。美国东北货架长期生态学研究（NES-ter）项目的目标是了解和预测浮游食品网的组成和结构如何通过空间和时间来响应环境而变化，以及社区的变化如何影响生态系统的生产力，尤其是在较高营养水平上。这十年使东北货架水域的热浪患病率增加，而2020年也不例外。该项目将异常温暖的温度夏季的效果纳入了NES级概念框架，因为他们认识到海洋热浪是在长期变暖趋势上叠加的。东北货架提供了一系列生态系统服务，包括食物，能源提取，运输，娱乐和保护；它的完整性对于东北美国经济的功能至关重要。面对气候变化和其他干扰模式，维持这些生态系统服务将需要有效而有效的管理。该研究的一个更广泛的影响是通过改善对生态系统动态和功能的了解，关键知识对该地区有效管理的贡献。六个早期职业科学家的教育机会包括该领域和实验室的研究培训。这些早期的职业科学家在一年中参与了关键数据收集，因为由于19020年夏季过渡期间，在2020年夏季过渡期间，特殊的过程巡游是由COVID-19造成的，这是由于COVID-19造成的造成的干扰而受到极大限制的一年。现场观察记录了过渡的性质，并检验了秋季条件沿夏季和冬季社区结构，生产力和出口之间的线性连续体的假设。 The suite of NES-LTER measurements applied to past summer and winter transects are being carried out, including underway continuous sampling for pico- to micro-plankton and gas tracer-based productivity, discrete water sampling to initiate incubation experiments for plankton growth and grazing rates at stations along a cross-shelf transect, and net tows to sample larger plankton for genetic diversity and isotopic analysis for food web characterization.最终，量化和理解季节性，年际和际际时间量表的变异性正在实现对未来生产力和生态系统状态的预测。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来进行评估的。