LEAP-HI: Re-Engineering for Adaptable Lives and Businesses

LEAP-HI：为适应生活和商业而重新设计

• 批准号: 2053373
• 负责人: Cynthia Chen
• 金额: $ 199.99万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2053373&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LEAP; HI; Re; Engineering; Adaptable

Maximizing efficiency has been the driving force for economic growth and industrial expansion in modern societies. It is also a defining attribute of the smart and sustainable cities movement. However, maximizing efficiency often results in systems that are unable to adapt to external disruptions, as demonstrated in the wake of many disasters, including COVID-19. While there have been calls for increasing redundancy, adding redundancies in systems design increases costs and resource demands. What is needed is an adaptable societal system that can operate in a variety of configurations in response to a wide range of disruptions, thereby displaying both efficiency and resilience. This Leading Engineering for America's Prosperity, Health, and Infrastructure (LEAP-HI) project supports fundamental research to generate the knowledge, mechanisms, and tools needed to design an adaptable society in which businesses and transportation systems can readily switch between alternative operating modalities, and people are informed and can adapt to system changes without undue hardship. The research methods and results will contribute to the US economy and prosperity and the public well-being and health. Two case studies addressing the vibrancy of small to mid-scale food systems in Seattle and Phoenix will focus on challenges encountered by marginalized communities that include disproportionately large shares of frontline workers in food establishments and public transit users. The project will engage students at both sites, and a studio class that integrates research and education will help train a new generation of students in engineering and planning for increased adaptability to disruptions.The project aims to develop systematic ways to reconfigure urban spaces for a variety of uses, design mechanisms that provide business owners and transit operators with a set of options and decision support tools capable of accounting for future uncertainties, and model how information flows through a system so that people can adapt to external disruptions. Equally important, the project integrates people, businesses, and transit into a system of systems, thus enabling a better understanding of how society can adapt to different disruptions. The whole decision support system will be tested in both Seattle and Phoenix. This research will advance knowledge at the intersection of different disciplinary areas including urban planning, controls and optimization, human behaviors, and transportation systems analysis. Specific scientific advances include the development of multi-stage optimization under uncertainty, modeling human adaptive behaviors for which the choice dimensions are no longer mutually exclusive, and modeling the co-evolution of multiple systems in the event of a disruption.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

最大化效率一直是现代社会经济增长和工业扩张的推动力。它也是智能和可持续城市运动的定义属性。但是，最大化效率通常会导致无法适应外部破坏的系统，如许多灾难之后，包括Covid-19。尽管有人呼吁增加冗余，但增加系统设计的冗余增加了成本和资源需求。需要的是一个适应性的社会系统，可以响应广泛的破坏，从而在各种配置中运行，从而表现出效率和弹性。这项针对美国繁荣，健康和基础设施（LEAP-HI）项目的领先工程支持基础研究，以产生设计适应能力的社会所需的知识，机制和工具，在这些社会中，企业和运输系统可以轻松地在替代操作模式之间切换，并且人们可以告知人们，并且可以适应不艰难的系统变化。研究方法和结果将有助于美国的经济和繁荣以及公众的福祉和健康。两项案例研究涉及西雅图和凤凰城中小型食品系统的活力，将重点介绍边缘化社区遇到的挑战，包括不成比例的粮食场所和公共交通用户的一线工人的份额不成比例。该项目将吸引两个站点的学生和整合研究和教育的工作室课程，将有助于培训新一代的学生在工程和计划中增加对破坏的适应性的适应性。该项目旨在开发系统的方式，以将城市空间重新配置为各种用途，设计机制，设计机制，这些机制可为企业所有者提供一系列人员和决策的范围，并将其提供的工具与未来的范围进行启用，并在未来的工具上启用，并将未来的工具置于范围内，并在未来的范围内启用，并将其设置为未来，并将其建立到未来的范围内，并将其设置为无限的范围。外部破坏。同样重要的是，该项目将人员，企业和过境整合到系统系统中，从而更好地了解社会如何适应不同的破坏。整个决策支持系统将在西雅图和凤凰城进行测试。这项研究将在不同学科领域的交集中提高知识，包括城市规划，控制和优化，人类行为和运输系统分析。具体的科学进步包括在不确定性下开发多阶段优化，对选择维度不再是相互排斥的人类适应性行为进行建模，并在破坏时建模多个系统的共同发展。本奖奖颁发了NSF的法定任务，反映了通过使用基金会和广泛的评估来进行评估，并被认为是值得评估的支持。

项目成果

Analysis of Changes in Time Use and Activity Participation in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Implications for Well-Being

• DOI: 10.1177/03611981231165020
• 发表时间: 2023-04-22
• 期刊: TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Batur, Irfan;Dirks, Abbie C.;Pendyala, Ram M.
• 通讯作者: Pendyala, Ram M.