RAPID: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Resiliency and Vulnerability to COVID-19 in Rural Communities: Health and Socioeconomic Well-Being in the Context of Ethnic Diversity

快速：协作研究：农村社区对 COVID-19 的恢复力和脆弱性：种族多样性背景下的健康和社会经济福祉

• 批准号: 2033920
• 负责人: David Peters
• 金额: $ 15.77万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-15 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2033920&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Resiliency; Vulnerability

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic continue to be a major public health crisis in the U.S. Missing from the academic and policy discussion is the pandemic’s impact on smaller communities. Rural places are still highly susceptible to COVID-19 even in the absence of confirmed cases, as the pandemic may just be taking hold. This makes rural places statistically invisible, creating a false sense of rural immunity. There is an urgent need to understand the health and socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 in understudied rural communities, especially in meat packing towns. Near real-time data collection is needed to understand the full impact of COVID-19 and the effectiveness of recovery efforts, especially among vulnerable rural populations, e.g. older, poor, disabled, immigrant, or minority residents. This project will survey residents of midwestern small towns to: (1) document the health, socioeconomic, and emotional impacts of the pandemic; (2) identify local needs and effectiveness of local and state responses; and (3) understand how impacts, responses, and needs vary across diverse small towns. Findings from the project will inform governmental policies and programs at several levels, thus advancing the health and well-being of rural people and places. Rural places are highly susceptible to COVID-19 even in the absence of confirmed cases, making rural places statistically invisible and creating a false sense of rural immunity. And yet social research to date has disproportionately focused upon the urban impact. This project will survey n=11,716 residents across 65 small towns (between 800 and 10,000 people) using an existing longitudinal rural panel from the Iowa Small Towns Project (ISTP). These ISTP communities are uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19 because they are home to large meat packing facilities, potentially exacerbating preexisting racial marginalization and stigma. The principal investigators will establish an advisory panel comprised of diverse stakeholders who will guide the project. A comprehensive survey and community engagement strategy will be used to effectively oversample meat packing workers and minority residents. Health impacts will include individual COVID-19 physical health issues, access to and use of healthcare, perceived prevalence in the community, and impact on local healthcare systems. Emotional impacts will include standard depression and anxiety scales (CESD-10 and GAD-7), access to and use of mental health services, and general concern about the pandemic’s impact on family and community. Economic impacts will include household employment and income loss, change in spending patterns, access to and use of economic security programs, and local economic impacts. Social impacts will measure how social capital, social support, and quality of life have been affected by the pandemic. Access and trust of COVID-19 information sources will be measured, as will adherence to social distancing. Residents will be asked to rate pandemic preparedness and responsiveness of governments, healthcare providers, local businesses, and community organizations. Findings from the project will inform sociological theories related to social capital, social stress, and socio-economic inequality, particularly related to health and minority status. All findings will contribute to larger bodies of literature related to rural sociology, which seeks to understand the social dynamics of rural life in the United States.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）全球大流行仍然是美国缺失的美国的重大公共卫生危机，这是大流行对较小社区的影响。即使没有确认的病例，农村地方仍然非常容易受到Covid-19的影响，因为大流行可能只是在占据。这使得在统计上是看不见的粗糙位置，从而产生了一种错误的农村免疫感。迫切需要了解Covid-19对了解农村社区的健康和社会经济影响，尤其是在肉类包装城镇中。需要接近实时的数据收集，以了解Covid-19的全部影响以及恢复工作的有效性，尤其是在脆弱的农村人群中，例如年龄较大，贫穷，残疾，移民或少数民族居民。该项目将调查中西部小城镇的居民：（1）记录大流行的健康，社会经济和情感影响； （2）确定地方和州反应的当地需求和有效性； （3）了解潜水小镇的影响，回应和需求如何变化。该项目的调查结果将在多个层面上为政府政策和计划提供信息，从而促进农村人民和地方的健康和福祉。即使没有确认的案件，农村地方也很容易受到19日-19的影响，这使农村地方统计上是看不见的，并产生了错误的农村免疫力。然而，迄今为止的社会研究已不成比例地关注城市影响。该项目将使用爱荷华州小城镇项目（ISTP）的现有纵向农村小组（ISTP）进行调查n = 11,716个居民（800至10,000人）。这些ISTP社区非常容易受到Covid-19的攻击，因为它们是大型肉类包装设施的家园，可能会加剧已经存在的种族边缘化和污名化。首席调查人员将建立一个咨询小组，该小组已完成将指导该项目的潜水员利益相关者。全面的调查和社区参与策略将用于有效地超出肉类包装工人和少数民族居民。健康影响将包括单个COVID-19-199人的身体健康问题，医疗保健的访问和使用，情感影响中的感知率将包括标准抑郁症和焦虑量表（CESD-10和GAD-7）（CESD-10和GAD-7），对心理健康服务的使用和使用，以及对流行病对家庭和社区影响的一般关注。经济影响将包括家庭就业和收入损失，支出模式的变化，获得和使用经济安全计划以及当地经济影响。社会影响将衡量社会资本，社会支持和生活质量如何受到大流行的影响。 COVID-19的访问和信任将被衡量，并遵守社会疏远。将要求居民评估政府，医疗保健提供者，当地企业和社区组织的大流行准备和响应能力。该项目的发现将为与社会资本，社会压力和社会经济不平等有关的社会学理论提供依据，尤其是与卫生和少数群体地位有关。所有发现将有助于与农村社会学有关的更大的文学机构，该文献旨在理解美国农村生活的社会动态。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子的评估来评估，并被认为是珍贵的支持，并具有更广泛的影响。

项目成果

Community Susceptibility and Resiliency to COVID-19 Across the Rural-Urban Continuum in the United States

• DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12477
• 发表时间: 2020-06-16
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Peters, David J.

Conditions facilitating aging in place in rural communities: The case of smart senior towns in Iowa

促进农村社区老龄化的条件：爱荷华州智慧老年城镇的案例

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.01.005
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Rural Studies
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Matysiak, Ilona;Peters, David J.
• 通讯作者: Peters, David J.