Collaborative Research: RAPID: Forest productivity and expression in a low-emissions present: A RAPID response to the COVID-19 Emissions Reduction Event

合作研究：RAPID：低排放情况下的森林生产力和表现：对 COVID-19 减排事件的快速响应

• 批准号: 2030865
• 负责人: Nathan Swenson
• 金额: $ 9.19万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030865&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Forest; productivity

State and federal policies have significantly limited human activities to keep the U.S. population safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in a significant decrease of atmospheric inputs from the reduction in automobile and air travel. The unprecedented and dramatic reduction in traffic in major metropolitan areas where emissions are consistently high is transforming the atmosphere, even at continental scales. The COVID-19 event presents a unique, ephemeral, and rare opportunity to study how forests would respond to dramatically cleaner air in the United States. This award will explore how North American forests that have experienced a life-time of the byproducts of human transportation respond by examining responses from the genetic and molecular levels to the forest scale. The research will be conducted at a large forest plot near the Washington DC metropolitan area with a long history of forest research and adjacent to a National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) tower. These linkages provide opportunities to scale the molecular research to potential ecosystem responses to emissions reduction efforts. The Education Office at Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), which works with thousands of high school students and their teachers every year will incorporate results into classroom activities at the SERC Education Center. Knowing how trees and forested ecosystems respond to a transformed atmosphere is critical for providing projections of the Earth system under ongoing global change. This proposal provides a unique opportunity to explore the potential consequences of future policy by evaluating what could happen if emissions were dramatically reduced. The project provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the impacts from the genomic, physiological, population, community, ecosystem level given the ongoing research at these levels and leveraging existing infrastructure and data provided by the Smithsonian (Forest GEO), US Forest Service (FIA plots), and NSF (NEON). The research will focus on gene expression profiles of two species (beech and red maple) to explore whether they will exhibit parallel shifts favoring maximal growth in all size classes compared to pre-Covid-19 conditions. The research will examine how leaf chlorophyll content at the end of the growing season will predict gene expression differences. The research will also explore gene pathways that deal with reactive oxidative stress (ROS) reactions, repair, and stress signaling and the physiological responses for growth and reproduction for this and next growing seasonThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

州和联邦政策在19009年大流行期间的人类行为有效，以确保美国人口安全。 这导致汽车和空中旅行减少的大气输入大大减少。即使在大陆尺度上，排放量一直持续的主要大都市地区的交通始终始终如一地改变了大气，这是前所未有的和急剧减少。 COVID-19赛事提供了一个独特，短暂的和难得的机会，可以研究森林如何应对美国急剧清洁的空气。该奖项将探讨经历过人类运输副产品一生的北美森林如何通过检查从遗传和分子水平到森林规模的反应来做出反应。这项研究将在华盛顿特区大都会地区附近的一个大森林地块上进行，森林研究的历史悠久，毗邻国家生态天文台网络（NEON）塔。这些联系提供了将分子研究扩展到潜在的生态系统对减少排放工作的反应的机会。史密森尼环境研究中心（SERC）的教育办公室每年与成千上万的高中生及其老师合作，​​将在SERC教育中心将结果纳入课堂活动。知道树木和森林生态系统如何应对转变的氛围对于在持续的全球变化下提供地球系统的预测至关重要。该提案为探索未来政策的潜在后果提供了一个独特的机会，即通过评估如果大幅减少排放可能会发生什么。该项目为研究基因组，生理，人群，社区，生态系统水平的影响提供了前所未有的机会，鉴于在这些层面进行了持续的研究并利用了史密森尼（Forest Geo），美国森林服务公司（FIA PLOTS）和NSF（NEON）提供的现有基础设施和数据。这项研究将重点放在两个物种（山毛榉和红枫）的基因表达谱上，以探索它们是否会表现出平行的转移，而与前旋转前的条件相比，它们是否有利于所有大小类别的最大生长。该研究将研究生长季节结束时叶绿素含量如何预测基因表达差异。这项研究还将探索涉及反应性氧化应激（ROS）反应，修复和应激信号的基因途径，以及对本和下一个生长季节的生长和生殖的生理反应，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。