RAPID: Compounding Crises: Facing Hurricane Season in the Era of COVID-19

RAPID：复合危机：面对 COVID-19 时代的飓风季节

基本信息

批准号：
2030139
负责人：
Gabrielle Wong-Parodi
金额：
$ 19.99万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-15 至 2022-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030139&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Compounding Crises Facing Hurricane

项目摘要

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) grant provides funding to assess participants’ crisis exposure, their threat perceptions, their self- and response-efficacy, their emotional responses and their engagement in health protective behaviors as relevant to COVID-19 and to hurricanes. As the 2020 hurricane season commences, millions of Americans residing in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts will face the likely possibility of dual crises – COVID-19 and hurricane exposure – with competing mitigation strategies. Experts project that there will be four hurricanes that will develop into major hurricanes (Categories 3, 4, or 5) in the Atlantic during the 2020 hurricane season (June 1st – November 30th). Concurrently, many in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast states are seeing alarming increases in confirmed case of COVID-19. The confluence of crises in communities at risk for hurricane exposure may create an untenable and tragic situation where millions of people may be suddenly asked to flee from an approaching major hurricane to shelters, potentially imperiling themselves and others to COVID-19. Hurricane-force winds further compound the risk given the high potential for Coronavirus to spread via respiratory droplets, potentially creating super-spreading environments and fueling fears about going to shelters. Repeated exposure to such crises can tax individuals’ emotional states, leading to difficulties in functioning and decision making over time. The important theoretical and practical question is: “How do people make proactive decisions regarding the threat of a hurricane in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic?”The research team conducts a prospective, longitudinal, epidemiological study of residents (n=1,683) from Texas and Florida, for whom the team has data on their exposure, behavior, and response to previous hurricanes. Participants are members of Ipsos’s KnowledgePanel, and complete two surveys: one at the beginning of the 2020 hurricane season and at the height of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the second after the threat of a major land-falling Category 3, 4, or 5 hurricane. The researchers assess participants’ crisis exposure, their threat perceptions, their self- and response-efficacy, their emotional responses and their engagement in health protective behaviors as relevant to COVID-19 and to hurricanes. Moreover, the team uses publicly available datasets to create geocoded variables that link participant location to objective indicators of disaster exposure to both COVID-19 (e.g., deaths per 10,000, daily cases) and the physical parameters of hurricanes (e.g., inundation flooding, wind speed, air temperature). This project examines individual’s response to repeated exposure to hurricanes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, using pre-COVID, prospectively collected data, objective markers of exposure, and a longitudinal design. The findings are useful to policymakers, service providers, educators, and members of the media to communicate messages and design interventions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项快速响应研究（快速）提供了资金，以评估参与者的危机暴露，威胁感知，他们的自我和反应效果，情感反应以及与Covid-19和飓风有关的健康保护行为的参与。随着2020年飓风季节的开始，居住在大西洋和墨西哥海湾大衣的数百万美国人将面临双重危机的可能性-Covid-19和飓风曝光 - 以及相互竞争的缓解策略。专家指出，在2020年飓风季节（6月1日至11月30日）期间，将有四个飓风在大西洋地区发展成主要的飓风（3、4或5类）。同时，大西洋和墨西哥湾沿岸州的许多人看到COVID-19的确认案例令人震惊。遭受飓风风险的社区犯罪的汇合处可能会造成一个难以置信和悲惨的局势，可能会突然要求数百万人从接近的飓风到庇护所逃到庇护所，并可能损害自己和他人到19日。飓风进一步加剧了风险，鉴于冠状病毒通过呼吸液滴传播的很高潜力，有可能创造超级扩张的环境，并加剧了人们对去庇护所的恐惧。反复接触此类犯罪可能会对个人的情绪状态征税，从而导致运作和决策随着时间的流逝而难以进行。一个重要的理论和实用问题是：“人们如何在COVID-19-19大流行时期对飓风的威胁做出主动决定？”研究团队对得克萨斯州和佛罗里达州的居民（n = 1,683）进行了一项前瞻性，纵向，流行病学研究（n = 1,683），该团队对他们的曝光对他们的曝光率进行了数据，以对他们的曝光率进行数据，以对他们的曝光，以前的行为，行为和以前的疾病和烦恼。参与者是IPSOS知识计划的成员，并完成了两项调查：一项在2020年飓风季节开始时，在Covid-19-19大流行的第一波潮流中，第二次是在大地狂奔3、4或5飓风之后的第二次。研究人员评估参与者的危机暴露，威胁感知，他们的自我和反应效能，情感反应以及与健康保护行为的参与与Covid-19和飓风有关。此外，该团队使用公开可用的数据集创建地理编码变量，将参与位置与灾难暴露的客观指标联系起来与Covid-19（例如，每10,000例死亡，每日病例）和飓风的物理参数（例如，基础设施洪水泛滥，风速，风速，空中温度）。该项目考试个人对在COVID-19大流行的背景下对飓风反复接触的反应，使用预言，前瞻性收集的数据，暴露的客观标记和纵向设计。这些发现对决策者，服务提供者，教育工作者和媒体成员有用，以传达信息和设计干预措施。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响评估标准来通过评估，认为这是宝贵的支持。