RAPID: Revisiting the compounding storm surge and extreme precipitation events on coastal flooding during hurricane Florence using field data

RAPID：利用现场数据重新审视佛罗伦萨飓风期间沿海洪水的复合风暴潮和极端降水事件

• 批准号: 2423008
• 负责人: Ashok Mishra
• 金额: $ 6.22万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-03-01 至 2024-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2423008&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Revisiting; compounding; storm; surge; RAPID; Revisiting; compounding; storm; surge

During September 2018, Hurricane Florence wreaked havoc in the Carolinas with devastating heavy rainfall (20-40 inches), record sea-water storm surges, and consequent coastal flooding with reported inundation depths of as high as 6 feet. The impacts included major damage to the surrounding region and a number of hurricane-related deaths. The city of Wilmington, NC entirely was cut off by historic flooding from the Cape Fear River. The dense population and development along its coastline continues to leave South Carolina communities highly vulnerable to coastal flooding from these seasonal hurricane events. The major causes of hurricane-related flooding events are the coastal storm surge caused by extreme winds and/or the occurrence of concentrated and extreme precipitation within vulnerable, flood prone areas. During flooding events, perishable data, such as high-water marks, are potential evidence of the highest water levels during a flood and they provide valuable data for understanding extreme flood events. In this study, valuable information will be obtained from such perishable data through field visits. The overall objective of this research project is to visit the locations of coastal flooding to investigate (a) the reliability of the weather forecast in terms of different spatio-temporal scales for extreme rainfalls, and (b) the joint probability of extreme rainfall and storm surge to gain insight into an increase in flood risk under hurricane scenarios. This research projects aims to amass data with which stakeholders can improve their current design standards for future flooding preparedness. The PI also expects (c) to utilize observed and collected perishable data in developing a statistical modeling framework both to generate spatial risk maps and to identify critical vulnerabilities of important coastal infrastructure regarding compound events. Such information is critical for maintaining coastal infrastructure networks and for providing alerts during extreme events. This research project will advance knowledge about the influence of extreme rainfall and storm surge on coastal flooding as well as the potential impact of such events on environmental sustainability. By documenting perishable data, the research project provides an excellent opportunity to study the compounding effect of two extreme weather events at multiple locations and to estimate the return period for such events with respect to historical periods. The research results will be used to develop strategies for improving awareness about compound extreme events amongst stakeholders to minimize flooding impacts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2018年9月，佛罗伦萨飓风在卡罗来纳州造成了严重破坏，遭受了毁灭性的降雨（20-40英寸），创纪录的海水风暴潮流以及随之而来的沿海洪水，据报道，据报道的淹没深度高达6英尺。影响包括对周围地区的重大损害和许多与飓风有关的死亡。北卡罗来纳州威尔明顿市完全被恐惧河的历史性洪水所切断。海岸线沿线的人口和发展继续使南卡罗来纳州社区受到这些季节性飓风事件的极大侵害。与飓风相关的洪水事件的主要原因是由极风和/或易受伤害的洪水易受洪水泛滥的洪水和极端降水引起的沿海风暴潮。在洪水事件中，易腐烂的数据（例如高水分）是洪水期间水位最高的潜在证据，它们为理解极端洪水事件提供了宝贵的数据。在这项研究中，将通过现场访问从此类易腐数据中获得有价值的信息。该研究项目的总体目的是参观沿海洪水的位置，以调查（a）以不同的时空量表来调查天气预报的可靠性，以及（b）（b）极端降雨和风暴潮的共同可能性，以洞悉飓风风险下洪水风险的增加。该研究项目旨在积累数据，利益相关者可以改善目前的设计标准，以供将来的洪水准备。 PI还期望（C）在开发统计建模框架中使用观察到的可腐烂数据，以生成空间风险图，并确定重要的沿海基础设施在复合事件方面的关键漏洞。此类信息对于维持沿海基础设施网络以及在极端事件中提供警报至关重要。该研究项目将促进有关极端降雨和风暴潮对沿海洪水的影响以及此类事件对环境可持续性的潜在影响的知识。通过记录可腐烂的数据，该研究项目提供了一个很好的机会，可以在多个位置研究两个极端天气事件的复合效果，并估算有关历史时期此类事件的回报期。该研究结果将用于制定策略，以提高利益相关者之间对复合极端事件的认识，以最大程度地减少洪水影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估审查标准的评估，被认为值得通过评估。