RAPID: Health, Housing, and Hazards: COVID-19, Subjective Resilience, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Evolution in Hurricane Prone Counties

RAPID：健康、住房和危害：飓风多发县的 COVID-19、主观弹性、脆弱性和政策演变

• 批准号: 2028968
• 负责人: Alka Sapat
• 金额: $ 17.58万
• 依托单位: Florida Atlantic University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028968&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Health; Housing; Hazards; COVID

The COVID-19 pandemic is a rapidly evolving global crisis that has multiple ramifications and impacts, particularly for those who are most vulnerable, and for those who are still recovering from past disasters. Individuals and households are facing multiple challenges, including health risks, precarious housing conditions, and exposure to weather and climate hazards, within the context of rapidly evolving policy mandates and short-term measures (such as moratoriums on evictions) to address the uncertainties stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project seeks to capture ephemeral and time-bound data on the subjective perceptions of resilience of individuals and households, including their capacities to cope and adapt in response to these challenges. This serves the national interest and advances national health, prosperity and welfare by improving our understandings of several topics, including: (i) the factors influencing individual and household coping and adaptive capacities and their subjective perceptions of risk and resilience; and, (ii) the impacts of policy fragmentation and ambiguity in addressing inter-sectional and cumulative vulnerabilities related to health, housing, and hazards. The findings have practical applications for pandemic preparedness and disaster management, specifically for socially vulnerable populations with respect to housing, sheltering and evacuation in hazard-prone areas. The study areas include counties in south and central Florida and the Panhandle, which are still recovering from Hurricanes Michael and Irma, and which saw an influx of displaced persons from Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. As the 2020 hurricane season looms, the potential impact of storms will further exacerbate the inter-sectional and cumulative vulnerabilities of renters and others living in precarious housing conditions. Data to achieve the research objectives includes repeated cross-sectional population surveys conducted in both English and Spanish via the Internet and landlines. Three waves of the survey are conducted to capture the immediate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perceptions of resilience and coping and adaptive capacities of individuals and households over a few months: (i) early June 2020 to align with the beginning of the hurricane season and by which time there will be policies being implemented to address the fallout of the pandemic; (ii) October 2020 by which time the pandemic may abate or earlier if there is a major hurricane event in Florida; and (iii) March 2021, which is approximately a year after policy responses to the pandemic began. Secondary data are collected and analyzed from media sources and policy documents on the rapidly evolving policy measures adopted to combat the pandemic during the time periods immediately preceding the survey work. Given the study area, the research team is also interested in the immediate effects of temporary federal, state, and local-level policies dealing with evacuation, sheltering, and housing because of the pandemic and potential storms. Multivariate statistical models are used to examine the dynamic relationships between perceptions of resilience, risk perceptions, inter-sectional vulnerabilities related to health, housing, and hazards, and policies adopted to address the pandemic and its ramifications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19大流行是一场迅速发展的全球危机，具有多种影响和影响，特别是对于那些最脆弱的人，对于那些仍在过去的灾难中恢复过来的人。在迅速发展的政策授权和短期措施（例如，在驱逐上的暂停措施）的背景下，个人和家庭面临着多重挑战，包括健康风险，不稳定的住房状况以及暴露于天气和气候危害的情况，以解决来自Covid-19 Pandemic的不确定性。这项快速响应研究（快速）项目旨在捕获有关个人和家庭弹性的主观看法的短暂和时间限制数据，包括其应付和适应这些挑战的能力。这可以通过提高我们对几个主题的理解，包括：（i）影响个人和家庭应对能力以及适应能力的因素及其对风险和弹性的主观看法，为国家的利益，促进国家健康，繁荣和福利的发展； （ii）政策分裂和歧义在解决与健康，住房和危害有关的剖面间和累积脆弱性方面的影响。这些发现在大流行准备和灾难管理方面具有实际应用，特别是针对易受危险地区的住房，庇护和疏散的社会脆弱人群。 研究领域包括佛罗里达州南部和中部的县以及潘汉德尔（Panhandle），这些县仍在迈克尔（Michael）和艾尔玛（Irma）飓风中恢复过来，在玛丽亚飓风之后，从波多黎各涌入了大量流离失所的人。随着2020年飓风季节的临近，风暴的潜在影响将进一步加剧租房者和其他生活在不稳定的住房条件下的剖面间和累积脆弱性。实现研究目标的数据包括通过互联网和座机以英语和西班牙语进行的重复横断面人口调查。进行了三波调查，以捕获COVID-19大流行对韧性，应对和适应能力的感知的直接影响，并在几个月内对个人和家庭的适应能力进行了反应：（i）2020年6月上旬与飓风季节的开始保持一致，并在此期间实施政策以解决pandectic of pandemic of Pandemic; （ii）2020年10月，如果在佛罗里达州发生了重大飓风事件，大流行可能会减弱或更早； （iii）2021年3月，这是对大流行的政策回应大约一年后的。从媒体来源和政策文件中收集和分析次要数据，以涉及在调查工作之前紧接的时间段内采用的快速发展的政策措施。鉴于研究领域，研究团队还对临时联邦，州和地方一级政策的直接影响感兴趣，该政策涉及大流行和潜在的风暴，涉及疏散，庇护和住房。多元统计模型用于检查对韧性的感知，风险感知的感知，与健康，住房和危害相关的剖面间脆弱性以及采用的政策，以解决大流行及其后果的政策。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估了基金会的智力效果，并通过评估了基金会的范围和广泛的范围。