NSFDEB-BSF: Building a broad understanding of the effect of polyploidy on the pollination niche and its cascading effects on plant-pollinator communities

NSFDEB-BSF：建立对多倍体对授粉生态位的影响及其对植物授粉媒介群落的级联效应的广泛理解

• 批准号: 2027604
• 负责人: Tia-Lynn Ashman
• 金额: $ 76.46万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-11-01 至 2024-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2027604&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFDEB; BSF; Building; broad; understanding

Increases in the number of structures containing genetic material or amount of genetic material (genome size) in plants can manifest as changes in observable characteristics or traits of plants that affect their interactions with animals. Pollination is an important plant-animal interaction that sustains more than eighty percent of flowering plants and is a threatened ecosystem service. This research will uncover how changes in the size of plant genomes affects flowering plants and pollination. Thus, this research will broadly inform the robustness of a key ecological process to increases in the genome size of plants. Moreover, because increases in plant genome size are common among agricultural crops and noxious invasive weeds, this work will provide insights relevant to agricultural productivity as well to the threats posed to native biodiversity. The work will train undergraduate and graduate students, high school teachers, and a postdoc in computational biology, ecology and plant-pollinator interactions. Additionally, the research team will extend an urban biodiversity curriculum to evaluate community-level processes characterized by network analysis and tested for robustness via simulated extinctions.The research will combine powerful analytic approaches for the large-scale identification of genome size in taxa with novel acquisition of data on the pollination interaction, both from contemporary plant-pollinator networks and from pollen on the stigmas of herbarium specimens, across many thousands of plant taxa. The research will broadly test several fundamental hypotheses concerning the effects of genome doubling on pollination and plant-pollinator communities. In doing so, it will simultaneously transform our current understanding of a globally important biotic interaction and accelerate our understanding of one of the most pervasive evolutionary processes in plants. The work will extend the study of the effects of genome size changes to the community-level and determine how these changes uniquely contribute to aspects of community stability and the functioning of the earth’s ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物中含有遗传物质或遗传物质数量（基因组大小）的结构数量的增加可以表现为影响其与动物相互作用的植物的可观察特征或特征的变化。授粉是一种重要的植物动物相互作用，可维持超过80％的开花植物，并且是威胁性的生态系统服务。这项研究将发现植物基因组大小的变化如何影响开花植物和授粉。这是这项研究将广泛地为关键生态过程的鲁棒性，以增加植物的基因组大小。此外，由于植物基因组大小的增加在农作物和有害的侵入性杂草中很常见，因此这项工作将提供与农业生产力有关的见解，以及对本地生物多样性构成的威胁。这项工作将培训本科生和研究生，高中教师以及计算生物学，生态学和植物 - 托管互动的博士后。此外，研究团队将扩展城市生物多样性课程，以评估以网络分析为特征并通过模拟扩展对鲁棒性进行特征的社区级别的过程。该研究将结合强大的分析方法，以大规模识别类似物中基因组大小的大规模鉴定，以识别分类群中的基因组大小，以及在授粉中的数据获得的新型数据，以及来自授粉的授粉，来自授粉的授粉，从成千上万的植物分类单元。这项研究将广泛检验有关基因组对授粉和植物 - 托管群落的影响的几种基本假设。这样一来，它将只会改变我们目前对全球重要的生物相互作用的理解，并加速我们对植物中最普遍的进化过程之一的理解。这项工作将扩大对基因组大小变化对社区级别的影响的研究，并确定这些变化如何有助于社区稳定的各个方面和地球生态系统的功能。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查的审查标准来通过评估来获得的支持。

项目成果

The effect of polyploidy and mating system on floral size and the pollination niche in Brassicaceae

多倍体和交配系统对十字花科花大小和授粉生态位的影响

• DOI: 10.1086/727826
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Journal of Plant Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Streher, Nathália Susin;Budinsky, Trezalka;Halabi, Keren;Mayrose, Itay;Ashman, Tia-Lynn
• 通讯作者: Ashman, Tia-Lynn