ISS: Synthesis of Electrically Conductive High-Temperature Composites Under Microgravity and Normal Gravity Conditions

ISS：微重力和正常重力条件下导电高温复合材料的合成

• 批准号: 2024546
• 负责人: Kathy Lu
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2024546&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ISS; Synthesis; Electrically; Conductive; Temperature

With the fast advancement of space exploration, conducting materials research in space is becoming mainstream. At the same time, novel two-dimensional materials and polymer derived high temperature ceramics have captured the attention of the materials community. In this research project, two dimensional MXene will be incorporated into a silicon oxycarbide matrix to generate new materials, both on Earth and at the International Space Station. The high temperature evolution behaviors of two-dimensional materials and polymer to ceramic conversion under microgravity conditions will be systematically compared with the processes on Earth. These materials are expected to have high oxidation resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and low density. They should also have great synergistic potentials for toughness, strength, and high temperature stability. The composites can be made into almost any shape (bulk, coating, discrete feature, et cetera) and size (nano- to macro-) based on application needs. In addition, these materials can easily produce complex shape, thin-wall, or freeform components with lightweight and functional capabilities in high temperature environments. This research will usher in a new generation of advanced materials which have great potential to be used as heat exchangers, electric systems, catalyst support, energy storage, electrodes, nano-devices, and microsystems. Ultimately, project results will lead to new applications benefiting space science and life on Earth. Both graduate and undergraduate students will be involved in the research project. The PI will expand current activities to Eastern Virginia while continuing efforts with different summer camps on campus. In addition, the PI will expand outreach efforts to the Western Virginia Science Museum to stimulate the interest of females and minorities in science and engineering.This research project will advance understanding of atomic- and nano-level species interactions under different gravitational conditions in order to explore a new class of high temperature stable and electrically conductive materials. The high temperature composites will include both dense and porous microstructures but the methodology developed will be applicable to a wide range of high temperature materials derived from 2D additives and polymer precursors. This research project is expected to develop new theories, provide new knowledge, and offer novel methods in atomic level design and thermodynamic prediction of polymer derived ceramics. Results from this project will open new opportunities for using microgravity to understand and create novel high temperature materials. The team will conduct the research using four approaches. First, using MXene exfoliation and surface functionalization, pre-pyrolysis at 500-700°C will be conducted in order to provide controlled states for microgravity and Earth gravity studies. Second, different atmosphere pyrolysis will be conducted on Earth and under microgravity to understand the atmosphere and gas release effects on new phase formation. Third, theoretical thermodynamic calculation and experimental pyrolysis studies will be combined in order to explore the fundamental interfacial interaction and phase evolution processes. Finally, gravitational effects on 2D MXene deformation, stacking, and chemical interaction with silicon oxycarbide during pyrolysis will be comprehensively investigated; the phase and structural evolution of the porous systems will be correlated with pore stability and shrinkage/collapse under different gravity conditions. The educational component is training of multiple graduate and undergraduate students, with a focus on women and minorities. The PI will expand current activities to Eastern Virginia while continuing efforts with different summer camps on campus. In addition, the PI will expand outreach efforts to the Western Virginia Science Museum to stimulate the interest of females and minorities in science and engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着太空探索的快速发展，在太空中进行材料研究正在成为主流。同时，新型的二维材料和聚合物衍生的高温陶瓷引起了材料群落的注意。在该研究项目中，将二维MXENE纳入硅氧核基质中，以生成地球和国际空间站的新材料。在微重力条件下，二维材料和聚合物向陶瓷转化的高温演化行为将与地球上的过程进行系统地比较。这些材料有望具有较高的氧化能力，出色的电导率和低密度。他们还应该具有韧性，强度和高温稳定性的巨大协同潜力。基于应用需求，可以将复合材料制成几乎任何形状（散装，涂料，离散功能等）和大小（纳米至宏）。此外，这些材料可以轻松地产生复杂的形状，薄壁或自由形式的组件，具有轻质和功能功能在高温环境中。这项研究将迎来新一代的高级材料，这些材料具有很大的潜力，可以用作热交换器，电气系统，催化剂支持，能源存储，电极，纳米设备和微系统。最终，项目结果将导致新的应用程序，从而使空间科学和地球上的生命受益。研究生和本科生都将参与研究项目。 PI将在校园内的不同夏令营继续努力的同时，将目前的活动扩展到弗吉尼亚州东部。此外，PI将向西弗吉尼亚州科学博物馆扩展外展工作，以刺激女性和少数民族在科学和工程中的兴趣。本研究项目将促进对不同引力条件下原子和纳米级物种相互作用的了解，以探索新的高温稳定和电力导电材料的新类别。高温成分将包括致密和多孔微观结构，但开发的方法将适用于源自2D添加剂和聚合物前体的广泛的高温材料。预计该研究项目将开发新的理论，提供新的知识，并提供原子水平设计和热力学衍生陶瓷的热力学预测的新方法。该项目的结果将为使用微重力理解和创建新型的高温材料打开新的机会。团队将使用四种方法进行研究。首先，使用MXENE去角质和表面功能化，将在500-700°C下进行前热解，以提供微重力和地球重力研究的受控状态。其次，将在地球上和微利润下进行不同的大气热解，以了解大气和气体释放对新相形成的影响。第三，将合并理论热力学计算和实验热解研究，以探索基本的相互作用和相化过程。最后，对2D MXENE变形，堆叠和化学相互作用的引力作用与硅碳酸硅在热解过程中的重力影响将在校园内的不同夏令营中继续努力，而PI将在弗吉尼亚州东部扩展到当前的活动。此外，PI将将外展工作扩展到西弗吉尼亚科学博物馆，以刺激女性和少数民族对科学和工程的兴趣。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。

项目成果

A materials informatics approach for composition and property prediction of polymer-derived silicon oxycarbides

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2023.100384
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Materials Today Advances
• 影响因子: 10
• 作者: Yi Je Cho;K. Lu

Structural evolution and electrical conductivity of Ti3C2-SiOC ceramics

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2022.115954
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Materials Science and Engineering: B
• 作者: Sanjay Kumar Devendhar Singh;K. Lu

Enhancing organosilicon polymer-derived ceramic properties

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0085844
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Physics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Patricia A. Loughney;S. B. Mujib;Timothy L. Pruyn;Gurpreet Singh;K. Lu;V. Doan-Nguyen

New insight into SiOC atomic structure evolution during early stage of pyrolysis

热解早期阶段SiOC原子结构演化的新见解

• DOI: 10.1111/jace.18976
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of the American Ceramic Society
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Lu, Kathy;Chaney, Harrison
• 通讯作者: Chaney, Harrison

Understanding SiOC atomic structures via synchrotron X-ray and reactive force field potential studies

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101429
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Materials Today Chemistry
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: H. Chaney;Y. Zhou;K. Lu