Nanoscale Sintering Understanding

纳米级烧结的理解

• 批准号: 1461516
• 负责人: Kathy Lu
• 金额: $ 30.07万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1461516&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoscale; Sintering; Understanding

Sintering is an important materials consolidation and densification strategy. It is used to make components with complex shapes, in near net-shapes, and with relatively simple equipment. Also, different compositions and structures can be flexibly tailored using sintering. However, sintering is also a complex process. With the progress of nanoparticle-based materials, many conventional sintering theories cannot predict new sintering behaviors; relying on existing sintering knowledge to guide nanoparticle-based material processing has led to numerous failures and contradictory results. This award supports fundamental research to build our understanding of the sintering process, to test the scalability of sintering equations from nanometers up, and to quantify the function of pores in nanostructure evolution and shrinkage. Successful nano-sintering represents exciting possibilities in improved structural, electrical, optical, and other functional properties and unprecedented nanostructures. The application areas are numerous, including energy storage/conversion, nanophotonic devices, microfluidic devices, catalysts, microreactor devices, and optical components. This program also includes extensive outreach activities (such as HBCU, local schools, camps) to increase the participation of underrepresented groups in engineering, especially in the area of nanomaterials. This award supports research to build direct and quantitative sintering shrinkage-nanostructure evolution correlations, test the scalability of sintering equations from nanoscale and up, and quantify the function of pores in nanostructure evolution and shrinkage. There are three key components to this research. The first is to demonstrate that below a critical density, shrinkage extrapolation from grain neck size is dependent on coarsening-induced grain-reconfiguration; microstructure scalability is only valid for homogenous microstructures. The second is to show that above the critical density, pore size, distribution, and shape are critical factors for decoupling grain boundary diffusion from grain boundary migration and 3D microstructure reconstruction is a unique technique to provide such quantitative data. The third component is to illustrate that sintering of particle packing in unusual configurations is dependent on the balance between packing structures and diffusion mechanisms. The research will provide the much needed linkage between nanoparticle arrangement, microstructural evolution, and shrinkage by using small features that can track individual to multiple nanoparticles and reconstructing 3D nanostructures. The sintering knowledge gained will provide not only effective solutions to nanoparticle-based sintering but also never-before conduits for net-shape sintering, novel nanostructures, and a vast array of complex material design capabilities.

烧结是重要的材料合并和致密策略。它用于制造具有复杂形状，近乎净形状以及相对简单的设备的组件。同样，可以使用烧结来灵活地量身定制不同的组成和结构。但是，烧结也是一个复杂的过程。随着基于纳米颗粒的材料的进展，许多常规的烧结理论无法预测新的烧结行为。依靠现有的烧结知识来指导基于纳米颗粒的材料处理，导致了许多失败和矛盾的结果。该奖项支持基本研究，以建立我们对烧结过程的理解，测试纳米纳米尺寸烧结方程的可扩展性，并量化纳米结构进化和收缩中毛孔的功能。成功的纳米插入代表了改进的结构，电气，光学和其他功能特性以及前所未有的纳米结构中令人兴奋的可能性。应用区域众多，包括储能/转换，纳米流通设备，微流体设备，催化剂，微反应器设备和光学组件。该计划还包括广泛的外展活动（例如HBCU，当地学校，营地），以增加代表性不足的团体参与工程，尤其是在纳米材料领域。该奖项支持研究，以建立直接和定量的烧结收缩纳米结构的演化相关性，测试来自纳米级及向上的烧结方程的可扩展性，并量化纳米结构演化和收缩量中孔的功能。这项研究有三个关键组成部分。首先是证明，从晶粒颈尺寸中的临界密度下方的外推到临界密度取决于颗粒诱导的晶粒晶状体构造。微结构可伸缩性仅对同质微观结构有效。第二个是表明，高于临界密度，孔径，分布和形状的关键因素是将晶界扩散与晶界迁移和3D微结构重建的关键因素是提供此类定量数据的独特技术。第三个组成部分是说明在不寻常配置中的颗粒填料的烧结取决于填料结构和扩散机制之间的平衡。这项研究将通过使用可以跟踪个体到多个纳米颗粒并重建3D纳米结构的小特征来提供纳米颗粒布置，微结构演变和收缩之间的急需联系。获得的烧结知识不仅可以为基于纳米颗粒的烧结提供有效的解决方案，而且还将为净形状烧结，新颖的纳米结构和各种各样的复杂材料设计能力提供有效的孔。