RAPID:Collaborative Research: Micro- and macro-ecological succession in anchialine habitats during creation via volcanism

RAPID：合作研究：火山作用创造过程中安奇阿林栖息地的微观和宏观生态演替

• 批准号: 2020099
• 负责人: Justin Havird
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020099&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Micro; macro

Lava flows create new, initially sterile habitats. The identity of the initial colonizers of these habitats, subsequent invaders, and the repeatability of this process is important for understanding the establishment of ecosystem processes like nutrient cycling. Identifying steps in habitat maturation also shapes conservation strategies for endangered species and rare environments. These processes are virtually unknown in the anchialine ecosystem, which consists of coastal, landlocked bodies of water influenced by fresh and oceanic waters. Anchialine habitats are rare worldwide but are concentrated in Hawaii. Hawaiian anchialine habitats are home to a diverse array of animals, plants, and microbes, many of which are found nowhere else. In 2018 lava flows from the Kilauea volcano created several new anchialine habitats on the east coast of Hawaii, presenting an exceptional chance to examine how ecology emerges in the anchialine ecosystem. The researchers will leverage this opportunity to detail how these unusual habitats change over time. Microbial and animal communities will be characterized as they become established. This research will advance our understanding of the anchialine ecosystem, especially its microbes, which may prove useful for future medical or commercial applications. Underrepresented groups in STEM (including native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders) will take an active role in this research. Hundreds of microbial samples will be collected during a time series in anchialine habitats undergoing development. Microbial community structure will be analyzed using DNA sequencing technology. These “young” communities will be compared to ones previously characterized from other, “mature” Hawaiian anchialine habitats. This research will address the repeatability of anchialine community formation and whether new habitats are converging on microbial communities similar to those in established habitats. To complement these microbial analyses, presence and abundance of a keystone shrimp species in the new anchialine habitats will also be assessed. Population genomic tools will be used to test the origins of the colonizing shrimp, as the lava flows may have caused local extinctions in this species. Physiological experiments in shrimp will also be performed to examine thermal adaptations stemming from elevated temperatures due to volcanic activity. Because shrimp act as important grazers on the microbial communities, correlations between shrimp abundance and microbial community composition will also be explored.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

熔岩流创造了新的，最初是无菌的栖息地。这些栖息地，随后的入侵者以及该过程的可重复性的初始殖民者的身份对于理解诸如营养循环之类的生态系统过程很重要。确定栖息地成熟的步骤还塑造了濒危物种和稀有环境的保护策略。这些过程在锚定生态系统中几乎是未知的，该过程由沿海，内陆的水体组成，受到新鲜和海洋水影响的水。锚定栖息地在全球范围很少，但集中在夏威夷。夏威夷锚定栖息地是潜水员，动物，植物和微生物的家园，其中许多无处可寻。在2018年，基拉韦阿火山的熔岩流在夏威夷东海岸创造了几个新的锚定栖息地，这是一个出色的机会，可以研究生态学在锚定生态系统中的出现。研究人员将利用这一机会详细说明这些异常栖息地如何随着时间的流逝而变化。当它们建立时，微生物和动物群落将被描述。这项研究将提高我们对锚定生态系统的理解，尤其是其微生物，这可能对未来的医疗或商业应用有用。 STEM中代表性不足的群体（包括夏威夷原住民和太平洋岛民）将在这项研究中发挥积极作用。在经过发育的锚定栖息地中，将收集数百种微生物样品。将使用DNA测序技术分析微生物群落结构。这些“年轻”社区将与以前从其他“成熟”夏威夷锚定栖息地进行比较。这项研究将解决锚定社区形成的可重复性，以及新栖息地是否正在汇聚在与既定栖息地类似的微生物群落上。为了完成这些微生物分析，还将评估新锚定栖息地中基石虾物种的存在和丰度。人口基因组工具将用于测试定植虾的起源，因为熔岩流可能导致该物种的局部扩展。还将进行虾的生理实验，以检查由于火山活性引起的温度升高而引起的热适应。由于收缩是对微生物群落的重要晶格，因此还将探索收缩丰度与微生物社区组成之间的相关性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评估标准来通过评估来获得的支持。

项目成果

Grazing by an endemic atyid shrimp controls microbial communities in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.12184
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Justin C. Havird;Pamela M. Brannock;R. Yoshioka;Rebecca C. Vaught;K. Carlson;Collin B. Edwards;Allison M. Tracy;C. Twining;Yun Zheng;David Chai;Alan E. Wilson;N. Hairston;S. R. Santos

Primary Microbial Succession in the Anchialine Ecosystem

Anchialine 生态系统中的初级微生物演替

• DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac087
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Integrative And Comparative Biology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Sterling, James J.;Sakihara, Troy S.;Brannock, Pamela M.;Pearson, Zoe G.;Maclaine, Kendra D.;Santos, Scott R.;Havird, Justin C.
• 通讯作者: Havird, Justin C.