Collaborative Research: Network Cluster: Bedrock controls on the deep critical zone, landscapes, and ecosystems

合作研究：网络集群：对深层关键区域、景观和生态系统的基岩控制

• 批准号: 2012357
• 负责人: Clifford Riebe
• 金额: $ 163.35万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012357&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Network; Cluster; Bedrock

The Critical Zone comprises the terrestrial environment from the tree canopy through the soil horizon and down to the base of weathered bedrock. This Critical Zone provides crucial services to humans and ecosystems, including the storage and filtering of groundwater, maintenance of streamflow, and long-term regulation of Earth’s climate. This project, part of the Critical Zone Collaborative Network, will establish the Bedrock Critical Zone Network that spans a wide range of climatic conditions across the continental US, ranging from a subtropical site in the South Carolina Piedmont to warm and dry sites in southern California. The principal goal is to improve knowledge of how subsurface processes in the deep Critical Zone influence water storage potential. In addition, the project will explore how water storage affects ecosystem resilience to disturbances such as prolonged drought. The research will involve direct sampling of subsurface materials via drilling and borehole logging together with non-invasive, indirect imaging techniques. The project will engage teachers, students, and the broader public in information sessions that emphasize the crucial importance of the Critical Zone, including development of a set of interactive 3D visualizations for use by educators.The Critical Zone extends from treetop to bedrock and thus includes both the substrate for life and the organisms that live at Earth’s land surface. In hilly and mountainous landscapes, where erosion at the surface exhumes underlying bedrock, the deepest reaches of the Critical Zone are where bedrock begins the weathering process, where fluids and gases first penetrate and react, where biota begin to colonize and interact with minerals, and where pore space begins to open. This project establishes the Bedrock Critical Zone Network to provide the scientific community with new knowledge of the deep Critical Zone and its feedbacks with surface processes and ecosystems. Observations and modeling at seven sites spanning a wide range of climatic and bedrock conditions in the continental US will test the hypothesis that Critical Zone structure, evolution, and processes are strongly influenced by bedrock conditions at the base of the Critical Zone. Mineralogy, ambient stress, and inherited fractures are influential factors, and these, in turn, are influenced by surface processes like erosion, subsurface flow, and ecosystem productivity. The project will address questions about fundamental deep Critical Zone properties and processes, including: controls on regolith thickness and its variation across landscapes; the relative importance and spatial variability of physical and chemical weathering; how subsurface weathering influences landscape evolution; and how deep Critical Zone water storage affects ecosystem resilience.The project will engage teachers, students, and the broader public on the crucial importance of the Critical Zone ; train scientists at diverse career stages on how to communicate; and promote diversity, inclusion, and equity in Critical-Zone science through targeted programs. The project will undertake an outreach and engagement program that includes a new set of interactive 3D visualizations, called the "Virtual Critical Zone," based on extensive imaging and measurements of roadcuts and quarries. This project will also include hands-on programs for high school teachers and students. All activities will support diversity and inclusion in Critical-Zone science through intentional recruiting and outreach. This project is jointly funded by the Critical Zone Collaborative Network, the Geomorphology and Land-use Dynamics programs in the Division of Earth Sciences, as well as the Education Program in the Geosciences Directorate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

关键区域包括从树冠到土壤地平线到风化基岩的底部的地面环境。这个关键区域为人类和生态系统提供了至关重要的服务，包括地下水的存储和过滤，维护水流以及对地球气候的长期调节。该项目是关键区域协作网络的一部分，将建立基岩关键区域网络，该网络跨越了整个连续美国的各种文明条件，从南卡罗来纳州皮埃蒙特的亚热带地点到南加州的温暖而干燥的地点。主要目标是提高对深关键区域中地下过程如何影响储能潜力的知识。此外，该项目将探索储水如何影响生态系统对诸如长期干旱之类的灾难的韧性。该研究将涉及通过钻孔和钻孔与非侵入性的间接成像技术一起直接采样地下材料。该项目将与教师，学生和更广泛的公众参与信息会议，这些信息会议强调关键区域的关键重要性，包括开发一组交互式3D可视化，以供教育工作者使用。关键区域从Treetop延伸到Bedrock，因此包括生命的生命以及地球地面生存的组织。在丘陵和山区的景观中，在地面挖掘的基岩下面的侵蚀中，临界区域的最深处是基岩开始风化过程，那里的烟道和气体首先穿透和反应，生物群开始与矿物质和矿物空间开始开放。该项目建立了基础关键区域网络，以通过表面过程和生态系统为科学界提供有关深层关键区域及其反馈的新知识。在美国连续t的七个地点进行观察和建模，将检验以下假设：临界区结构，进化和过程受到关键区域基础基础条件的强烈影响。矿物学，环境应力和遗传分数受侵蚀，地下流量和生态系统生产力等表面过程的影响。该项目将解决有关基本临界区域属性和过程的问题，包括：对岩石厚度的控制及其跨景观的变化；物理和化学风化的相对重要性和空间变异性；地下风化如何影响景观演变；以及库存储藏的深层区域如何影响生态系统的弹性。该项目将吸引教师，学生和更广泛的公众关键区域的重要性；在潜水员职业阶段培训科学家如何交流；通过有针对性的计划促进关键区域科学中的多样性，包容性和公平性。该项目将采用外展和参与计划，其中包括一组新的交互式3D可视化，称为“虚拟关键区域”，基于道路和采石场的广泛成像和测量。该项目还将包括针对高中教师和学生的动手计划。所有活动都将通过有意招募和宣传来支持关键区域科学的多样性和纳入。该项目由关键区协作网络共同资助，地球科学部的地貌和土地利用动态计划以及地球科学局的教育计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来评估CRITERIA CRITERIA CRITERIA的评估，以评估来珍贵。

项目成果

Sediment size on talus slopes correlates with fracture spacing on bedrock cliffs: Implications for predicting initial sediment size distributions on hillslopes.

距骨斜坡上的沉积物尺寸与基岩悬崖上的裂缝间距相关：对预测山坡上初始沉积物尺寸分布的影响。

• DOI: 10.5194/esurf-9-1073-2021
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Earth surface dynamics
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Verdian, J.;Sklar, L. S.;Riebe, C. S.;Moore, J. R.
• 通讯作者: Moore, J. R.

Forest vulnerability to drought controlled by bedrock composition

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01012-2
• 发表时间: 2022-09-06
• 期刊: NATURE GEOSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Callahan, Russell P.;Riebe, Clifford S.;Holbrook, W. Steven
• 通讯作者: Holbrook, W. Steven

Geostatistical Rock Physics Inversion for Predicting the Spatial Distribution of Porosity and Saturation in the Critical Zone

预测关键带孔隙度和饱和度空间分布的地统计岩石物理反演

• DOI: 10.1007/s11004-022-10006-0
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Mathematical Geosciences
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Grana, Dario;Parsekian, Andrew D.;Flinchum, Brady A.;Callahan, Russell P.;Smeltz, Natalie Y.;Li, Ang;Hayes, Jorden L.;Carr, Brad J.;Singha, Kamini;Riebe, Clifford S.
• 通讯作者: Riebe, Clifford S.