A mechanistic approach to predicting the ecological and evolutionary consequences of environmental change

预测环境变化的生态和进化后果的机械方法

基本信息

批准号：
1949796
负责人：
Priyanga Amarasekare
金额：
$ 65.29万
依托单位：
University of California-Los Angeles
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949796&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
mechanistic approach predicting ecological evolutionary

项目摘要

Rapid environmental changes influence the interactions between insect pests and their natural enemies (predators, parasites). Pest insects that attack crops cause harm, but insects that parasitize pests are beneficial because they provide an alternative to pesticide use. Rising temperatures across the globe are benefiting harmful insects while harming beneficial ones, increasing the risk of pest outbreaks that can compromise the nation’s food supply. Understanding how species withstand and adjust to changing temperatures is therefore a critical research priority. The project will provide training at postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduate levels, a key aspect of which is the integration of theory and data to address scientific problems that have significant societal applications. Through the development of models that can forecast the effects of rising temperatures on biological pest control, this project will directly contribute to improving existing methods of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This project will develop theory and experiments to elucidate the mechanisms by which insects and other ectotherms respond to temperature changes in the short term (acclimation) and the long-term (adaptation). The theoretical component involves developing mathematical models that explicitly incorporate the developmental time delays that characterize the complex life cycles of ectotherms. The goal is to understand how such delays influence acclimation and adaptation of pests and natural enemies to temperature changes involving both an increase in the mean temperature as well as the size of temperature fluctuations. The empirical component of the project involves testing model predictions using an insect community that shares many features of pest-enemy interactions and thus serves as a model system for investigating how rising temperatures influence the efficacy of biological pest control. A novel aspect of the experiments is that they will allow observations of acclimation and adaptation in real time, through the monitoring of insect populations in controlled environmental chambers. The tight integration of theory and data serves to yield results that can not only explain how past increases in temperature influence species interactions in general and pest-enemy interactions in particular, but also to predict how future increases will influence biodiversity and pest control.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

快速的环境变化会影响害虫与其自然敌人（捕食者，寄生虫）之间的相互作用。虫害侵袭作物的害虫隔热会造成伤害，但是寄生害虫的昆虫是有益的，因为它们为害虫的使用提供了替代品。全球的温度升高正在使有害昆虫受益，同时损害受益昆虫，增加害虫爆发的风险，这些风险可能损害该国的粮食供应。因此，了解物种如何承受和适应不断变化的温度是关键的研究优先级。该项目将在博士后，研究生和本科级别提供培训，其关键方面是理论和数据的整合，以解决具有重要社交应用的科学问题。通过开发可以预测温度升高对生物害虫控制的影响的模型，该项目将直接有助于改善现有的综合害虫管理方法（IPM）。该项目将开发理论和实验，以阐明昆虫和其他阶级对短期温度变化（适应）和长期（适应）的机制。理论组成部分涉及开发数学模型，这些模型明确结合了表征Ectotherms复杂生命周期的发育时间延迟。目的是了解这种延迟如何影响害虫和自然敌人对温度变化的适应和适应，涉及平均温度的增加以及温度波动的大小。该项目的经验成分涉及使用具有共享虫害 - 雷尼相互作用的许多特征的绝缘社区测试模型预测，因此是研究温度上升如何影响生物害虫控制效率的模型系统。实验的一个新方面是，通过监测受控环境室中的昆虫种群，它们将允许实时观察适应和适应。理论和数据的紧密整合旨在产生结果，不仅可以解释过去温度的升高如何影响物种的相互作用，尤其是害虫 - 雷神的相互作用，而且还可以预测未来的增长将如何影响生物多样性和害虫控制。该奖项反映了NSF的法规使命，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的crietia crietia criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter criter critia criter criter critia crite critia crietia awection奖。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Persistence of tri‐trophic interactions in seasonal environments

季节性环境中三营养相互作用的持续存在

DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.13368
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Journal of Animal Ecology
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Casas Goncalves, Guilherme;Amarasekare, Priyanga;Stouffer, ed., Daniel
通讯作者：
Stouffer, ed., Daniel

Ecological Constraints on the Evolution of Consumer Functional Responses

消费者功能反应演化的生态约束

DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2022.836644
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
影响因子：
3
作者：
Amarasekare, Priyanga
通讯作者：
Amarasekare, Priyanga

Surviving Racism and Sexism in Academia: Sharing Experiences, Insights, and Perspectives

克服学术界的种族主义和性别歧视：分享经验、见解和观点

DOI：
10.1002/bes2.2033
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America
影响因子：
0
作者：
Martínez‐Blancas, Alejandra;Bender, Arona;Zepeda, Verónica;McGuire, Rosa;Tabares, Olivia;Amarasekare, Priyanga;Mastretta‐Yanes, Alicia;Miriti, Maria;Santos, Ana M.;Vaz, Marcel C.
通讯作者：
Vaz, Marcel C.

Predicting the Spread of Vector-Borne Diseases in a Warming World