Mechanistic Understanding of Electrocatalytic Bio-oil Hydrogenation Rates: Towards a Cost-effective Electrochemical System

电催化生物油氢化速率的机理理解：建立具有成本效益的电化学系统

基本信息

批准号：
1919444
负责人：
Nirala Singh
金额：
$ 53.06万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1919444&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Mechanistic Understanding Electrocatalytic Bio oil

项目摘要

The transportation sector of the U.S. economy generates a large portion of greenhouse gas emissions. Increased use of renewable fuels is one option to reduce transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions and also to secure domestic, sustainable resources for fuel. One promising strategy to help meet transport needs is to synthesize transportation-grade fuels (e.g. liquid hydrocarbons) from biomass waste using renewable electricity, thereby enabling a CO2-neutral fuel source. Bio-oil hydrogenation is known to be the most capital- and energy-intensive steps for biofuel production. One promising approach to address this challenge is to use electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass because it provides a sustainable method of fuel production and enables the use of renewable electricity. However, improved electrochemical systems and electrocatalysts are needed to make ECH economically competitive. This fundamental research project will address energy efficiency, product yield challenges, and economic analysis of ECH. The project will focus on the molecular pathways and reaction bottlenecks for hydrogenation reactions on metals in the aqueous phase. The research project will provide multidisciplinary training to two PhD students at the University of Michigan and enable them to conduct cutting-edge research in materials synthesis and characterization, computational modeling, and electrocatalysis. Underrepresented minority and female students will be engaged in research and outreach at both the high school and undergraduate level. This fundamental research project will focus on the hypothesis-directed study of electrochemical hydrogenation reactions on platinum group metals and bimetallic alloys in aqueous phase. The research will advance knowledge of metals and bimetallic alloys for use in selective hydrogenation of biomass waste using renewable electricity for sustainable fuel production. The project's goal is to help engender the widespread use of electrocatalytic hydrogenation by focusing on three main areas, the adsorption of organics and hydrogen on metal surfaces, electrocatalytic hydrogenation rates on metals and bimetallics, and using a combination of theory and experiment to understand the link between adsorption and reaction rates and selectivity to predict more active and selective alloys. The team will measure and compute intrinsic reaction rates under controlled conditions on different metals, and then find correlations with adsorption energies and reaction intermediates. The project?s guiding hypothesis is that by starting with metals having moderate activity for hydrogenation and modifying to create bimetallics (e.g., Pt-alloys), one can tune the oxygenated aromatic and hydrogen adsorption energies to increase reaction rates and energy efficiency. To probe the reaction pathway and intermediates, the project will measure adsorption isotherms and use surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy under reaction conditions to selectively probe species near the electrocatalyst surface. To complement the experimental work, the project includes density functional theory modeling of hydrogen and oxygenated aromatic adsorption energies and ECH activity at applied potentials in water. Fundamental knowledge will result of molecular-level reaction mechanisms for electrocatalytic hydrogenation systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国经济的交通运输部门产生了很大一部分温室气体排放。增加可再生燃料的使用是减少与运输相关的温室气体排放并确保国内可持续燃料资源的一种选择。帮助满足运输需求的一项有前途的策略是使用可再生电力从生物质废物中合成运输级燃料（例如液态碳氢化合物），从而实现二氧化碳中性燃料来源。众所周知，生物油加氢是生物燃料生产中资本和能源最密集的步骤。解决这一挑战的一种有前景的方法是使用生物质电催化氢化（ECH），因为它提供了一种可持续的燃料生产方法并能够使用可再生电力。然而，需要改进电化学系统和电催化剂来使 ECH 具有经济竞争力。该基础研究项目将解决 ECH 的能源效率、产品产量挑战和经济分析。该项目将重点研究水相中金属氢化反应的分子途径和反应瓶颈。该研究项目将为密歇根大学的两名博士生提供多学科培训，使他们能够在材料合成和表征、计算建模和电催化方面进行前沿研究。代表性不足的少数族裔和女学生将在高中和本科阶段从事研究和推广活动。该基础研究项目将重点关注水相中铂族金属和双金属合金电化学氢化反应的假设导向研究。该研究将增进对金属和双金属合金的了解，用于利用可再生电力对生物质废物进行选择性加氢，以实现可持续燃料生产。该项目的目标是通过关注三个主要领域，即金属表面上有机物和氢的吸附、金属和双金属上的电催化氢化速率，并利用理论和实验相结合的方式来理解其中的联系，从而帮助实现电催化氢化的广泛应用。吸附和反应速率以及选择性之间的关系，以预测更具活性和选择性的合金。该团队将测量和计算不同金属在受控条件下的固有反应速率，然后找到与吸附能和反应中间体的相关性。该项目的指导性假设是，通过从具有中等氢化活性的金属开始，并进行改性以产生双金属（例如铂合金），人们可以调整氧化芳烃和氢吸附能，以提高反应速率和能源效率。为了探索反应途径和中间体，该项目将测量吸附等温线，并在反应条件下使用表面增强拉曼光谱来选择性地探测电催化剂表面附近的物质。为了补充实验工作，该项目包括氢和含氧芳香族吸附能的密度泛函理论模型以及水中应用电位下的 ECH 活性。基础知识将产生电催化氢化系统的分子级反应机制。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。