Greenhouse Gas Dynamics Across the Land-to-Ocean Continuum in the Canadian Archipelago

加拿大群岛从陆地到海洋连续体的温室气体动态

• 批准号: 1917528
• 负责人: Anna Michel
• 金额: $ 86.82万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1917528&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Greenhouse; Gas; Dynamics; Across; Land

Current and future warming has the potential to impact the cycling of methane in the Arctic, and the contribution of the region to the global methane budget remains poorly constrained. Thawing of permafrost, as well as melting of ice, has the potential to mobilize significant quantities of methane. This project focuses on understanding the connection between lakes, rivers, and bays across the land-ocean continuum in northern Canada. Methane and carbon dioxide from terrestrial and freshwater systems can be mobilized during the spring thaw and rapidly transported into the coastal ocean. The investigators will use unmanned vehicles to study the fate of these gases as they are transported via small river networks to the coastal ocean and subsequently outgassed as sea ice breaks up. Broader impacts of this project include developing new technology for Arctic research, training a female graduate student in polar field work and engineering, and engagement with local indigenous communities.The contribution of Arctic fresh water bodies to the global methane budget is poorly constrained. This project will use a cutting-edge autonomous surface platform to measure dissolved methane, carbon dioxide, salinity, nitrate, and oxygen in surface waters of Cambridge Bay, Canada. The investigators will quantify the magnitude of the rapid burst of outgassing of methane and carbon dioxide with two field seasons of intensive spatial and temporal sampling during the weeks surrounding the spring freshet. The specific objectives are to: characterize the rapid lateral pulse of greenhouse gases entering the coastal ocean from terrestrial aquatic systems during the freshet; determine the extent to which methane and carbon dioxide accumulates under ice; quantify the geographical extent and rate of rapid outgassing to the atmosphere; and close a mass balance of the Cambridge Bay to determine if the majority of methane and carbon dioxide delivered to the coastal ocean outgasses. The investigators will also provide proof of concept for autonomous vehicles carrying sensor technology that can expand our spatial and temporal sampling capability in dangerous or harsh environments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

当前和未来的变暖有可能影响北极甲烷的循环，该地区对全球甲烷预算的贡献仍然受到限制。融化多年冻土以及冰的融化，有可能动员大量的甲烷。该项目着重于了解加拿大北部土地海洋连续体的湖泊，河流和海湾之间的联系。春季融化过程中可以动员陆生和淡水系统的甲烷和二氧化碳，并迅速运输到沿海海洋中。调查人员将使用无人驾驶汽车来研究这些气体的命运，因为它们是通过小河网络运输到沿海海洋的，随后随着海冰破裂而被淘汰。该项目的更广泛的影响包括开发用于北极研究的新技术，培训一名极地野外工作和工程学的女性研究生以及与当地土著社区的互动。北极淡水体对全球甲烷预算的贡献受到限制。该项目将使用尖端的自主表面平台来测量加拿大剑桥湾地表水中溶解的甲烷，二氧化碳，盐度，硝酸盐和氧气。研究人员将在春季Freshet周围的几周内量化甲烷和二氧化碳的快速爆发的大小，并具有两个野外季节。具体的目标是：表征新鲜物质期间从地面水生系统进入沿海海洋的温室气体的快速横向脉冲；确定甲烷和二氧化碳在冰下积聚的程度；量化对大气的快速高气的地理范围和速率；并关闭剑桥湾的大规模平衡，以确定大多数甲烷和二氧化碳是否输送到沿海海洋量大。调查人员还将为携带传感器技术的自动驾驶汽车提供概念证明，以扩大我们在危险或恶劣环境中的空间和时间抽样能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来评估的。

项目成果

Spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric gas flux from the Hudson River: the estuarine gas exchange maximum

哈德逊河大气气体通量的时空变化：河口气体交换最大值

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.12154
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Scully, Malcolm E.;Michel, Anna P. M.;Nicholson, David P.;Traylor, Shawnee
• 通讯作者: Traylor, Shawnee