Collaborative Research: Innovative Approaches for Robust and Reliable Operation of Voltage Source Converters in Critical Conditions of Emerging Grids

合作研究：在新兴电网的关键条件下实现电压源换流器稳健可靠运行的创新方法

• 批准号: 1902791
• 负责人: Masoud Karimi-Ghartemani
• 金额: $ 18.9万
• 依托单位: Mississippi State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1902791&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Innovative; Approaches; Robust

Collaborative Research: Innovative Approaches for Robust and Reliable Operation of Voltage Source Converters in Critical Conditions of Emerging GridsGrid-connected voltage source converters are increasingly deployed in the energy sector, e.g. for the interconnection of distributed energy resources to the power grid. An instant of the converter's poor functionality can cause local and system level problems. For example, the cause of the 1,200 MW fault-induced solar photovoltaic resource interruption in Southern California is identified in erroneous functioning of the phase-locked loop employed in the inverter control system. The field data also show an unstable operation of photovoltaic inverters caused by grid voltage harmonics and partial or full generation loss caused by routine utility-owned capacitor switching incidents. Functions such as accurate and robust frequency estimation, voltage synchronization, and current generation during challenging conditions are crucial to maintaining the reliability of a power grid with high penetration of distributed resources. This research has identified 1) grid weakness, 2) grid voltage distortions, and 3) grid voltage and frequency disturbances, as broadly describing the major critical grid conditions. Thus, it proposes to 1) investigate the impacts of these conditions on the inverter functions, and 2) to synthesize Innovative and Effective Solutions. The proposed research invests in developing Modular, Practical and Efficient solutions that fully integrate the converter components and minimize demanding components that compromise the integrity of this multi-objective system. The project results will advance the quality and strength of inverter responses during critical conditions of future grids and will lead to the 1) improvement in the power system reliability, 2) improvement in its power quality, and 3) increase in its inverter hosting capacity. This will enhance the public power delivery services, empower the related energy industry, and develop new ties among various education and research communities. The project will stimulate and sustain the cross-disciplinary training of diversified students, particularly the underrepresented minorities enrolled in STEM programs at Mississippi State University and Georgia Southern University, and improve the broad STEM curricula. This research will establish theories to effectively formulate interactions among components of a grid-connected converter such as its phase-locked loop and its controller and between the converter and its hosting power network. Effective modeling, analysis and control processes will be developed for robust integration of the converter to the weak, polluted, and disturbed grid conditions. The phase-locked loop, optimal and robust controls, signals, and generator emulation theories are used to solidly tie the converter components together and design them in an optimal way. The project's approach is to fully integrate and optimize the converter components without adding redundant and disjoint components which may compromise other aspects of this multi-faceted and highly coupled engineering system. Particularly, recent advanced models of the phase-locked loops and recent optimal control design approaches will be deployed and joined to fully integrate the phase-locked loop into the entire control system of the converter and to design the entire control system in an optimal and robust way. High-fidelity power-hardware-in-the-loop testing will be used to examine the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed methods. Through full components integration leading to reduced oscillations and instabilities, the proposed project will increase the inverter hosting capacity of a given power grid, as well as its reliability and power quality. The project will also enhance the fundamental knowledge in those multiple fields (i.e. the phase-locked loops, optimal and robust controls, and signals) as applied to the crucial problems of integrating renewable resources to the power and energy system of our twenty-first century.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

协作研究：在新兴网格gridsgrid连接的电压源转换器的关键条件下，电压源转换器可靠运行的创新方法越来越多地部署在能源领域，例如为了将分布式能源与电网互连。转换器功能较差的瞬间会导致局部和系统级别的问题。例如，在南加州的1,200 MW断层诱导的太阳能光伏资源中断的原因是在逆变器控制系统中采用的相锁环的错误功能中确定的。现场数据还显示了由网格电压谐波以及由常规公用事业电容器切换事件引起的电网电压谐波以及部分或全代损失引起的光伏逆变器的不稳定操作。在挑战条件下，诸如准确且稳健的频率估计，电压同步和当前一代之类的功能对于维持具有高渗透分布式资源的功率网格的可靠性至关重要。这项研究已经确定了1）网格弱点，2）网格电压畸变和3）网格电压和频率干扰，如广义上描述了主要的关键网格条件。因此，它建议1）研究这些条件对逆变器函数的影响，以及2）合成创新和有效的解决方案。拟议的研究投资于开发模块化，实用和高效的解决方案，这些解决方案将转换器组件完全整合在一起，并最大程度地减少损害此多目标系统完整性的苛刻组件。项目结果将提高未来电网关键条件下逆变器响应的质量和强度，并将导致1）提高电源系统可靠性，2）提高其功率质量； 3）增加其逆变器托管能力。这将增强公共电力交付​​服务，增强相关能源行业的能力，并在各个教育和研究社区之间发展新的联系。该项目将刺激和维持对多元化学生的跨学科培训，尤其是在密西西比州立大学和乔治亚州南部大学参加STEM计划的人数不足的少数群体，并改善了广泛的STEM课程。这项研究将建立理论，以有效地制定与网格连接转换器的组件之间的相互作用，例如其相锁环及其控制器以及转换器和其托管功率网络之间的相互作用。将开发有效的建模，分析和控制过程，以将转换器的稳健整合到弱，污染和干扰的网格条件下。相锁的环路，最佳和稳健的控件，信号和发电机仿真理论用于将转换器组件牢固地绑在一起，并以最佳方式设计它们。该项目的方法是完全集成和优化转换器组件而不添加冗余和不相交的组件，这可能会损害此多方面且高度耦合的工程系统的其他方面。特别是，将部署并连接到最新的相锁环和最佳控制设计方法的高级模型，以将相锁的环完全集成到转换器的整个控制系统中，并以最佳且可靠的方式设计整个控制系统。高保真功能硬件在环上测试将用于检查所提出方法的实用性和有效性。通过完整的组件集成导致振荡和不稳定性的减少，该项目将增加给定功率网格的逆变器托管能力及其可靠性和功率质量。该项目还将增强这些多个领域（即相锁定的循环，最佳和稳健的控制和信号）的基本知识，适用于将可再生资源整合到我们两十一世纪的权力和能源体系中的关键问题。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务和审查的范围。