Collaborative Research: Understanding the Role of Coupled Chemistry-climate Interactions in Internal Climate Variability

合作研究：了解化学与气候耦合相互作用在内部气候变化中的作用

• 批准号: 1848785
• 负责人: David Thompson
• 金额: $ 52.37万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1848785&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Role; Coupled

A great deal of past research has been directed at understanding how coupling between climate and chemical species such as ozone and water vapor influence the climate response to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances. But the importance of such coupling for year-to-year and decadal-scale variations in climate represents a key gap in our current scientific understanding of the climate system. The project will fill this gap through analyses of both existing numerical experiments across a wide array of climate models, and from new numerical simulations explicitly for the current project. The outcomes of the project will lead to improved understanding of the role of chemistry-climate coupling in the climate system. The work has broad implications for our understanding of climate variability and change, and their related climate impacts at the surface. The project will provide new insights into the importance of coupled chemistry-climate interactions for climate variability in the tropics, midlatitudes, and polar regions, and at both troposphere and stratosphere. It will improve our understanding of the importance of including coupled chemistry-climate processes in designing and evaluating future large-ensemble climate simulations. In particular, it will provide a benchmark for quantifying the importance of model-to-model differences in chemistry-climate interactions in simulations of climate change. This would help establish the fidelity of the processes included in global climate models, and thus has implications for public confidence in climate models and understanding of climate science. The new knowledge about the role of coupled chemistry-climate interactions in uncertainty in climate change projections would have a range of potential implications for both society and ecosystems over various regions of the globe. The project will also provide mentoring for two graduate students from groups underrepresented in the atmospheric sciences. In the first part of the work, the investigators will quantify the effects of coupled chemistry-climate interactions on climate variability on year-to-year timescales. They will explore in both existing and targeted numerical climate model experiments: 1) the differences in climate variability between control simulations with and without coupled chemistry; 2) the influence of atmospheric dynamics on various chemical species; and 3) the effects of variations in chemical species on atmospheric dynamics. The second part of the work will explore the role of coupled chemistry-climate interactions in climate change as the world moves from the era of ozone depletion when ozone depleting substances increased (about 1980-1995), to ozone recovery (1995-future). The investigators will focus on 1) variability in future climate states, 2) surface climate trends on decadal timescales, and 3) uncertainty in projections of future climate changes in large-ensemble simulations of coupled chemistry-climate models.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

过去的大量研究旨在了解气候与化学物种（例如臭氧和水蒸气）之间的耦合如何影响气候对温室气体和臭氧动物的人为排放的气候反应。但是，这种耦合对于气候中年度和十年级变化的重要性是我们当前对气候系统的科学理解的关键差距。 该项目将通过对各种气候模型的现有数值实验的分析以及当前项目明确的新数值模拟来填补这一空白。该项目的结果将提高人们对化学气候耦合在气候系统中的作用的了解。这项工作对我们对气候变异性和变化的理解及其相关气候影响具有广泛的影响。该项目将提供新的见解，了解耦合化学气候相互作用对热带，中纬度和极地区域以及对流层和平流层的气候变化的重要性。它将提高我们对在设计和评估未来大型气候模拟的设计和评估化学气候过程中的重要性的理解。特别是，它将提供一个基准，用于量化模型 - 模型差异在化学气候变化中的化学气候相互作用中的重要性。这将有助于确定全球气候模型中包含的过程的保真度，从而对公众对气候模型的信心和对气候科学的理解有影响。关于耦合化学气候相互作用在气候变化预测不确定性中的作用的新知识将对全球各个地区的社会和生态系统产生一系列潜在影响。该项目还将为来自大气科学领域不足的团体的两名研究生提供指导。 在工作的第一部分中，研究人员将量化耦合化学气候相互作用对气候变异性对年度时间表的影响。他们将在现有的和有针对性的数值气候模型实验中探索：1）具有和没有耦合化学的控制模拟之间气候变异性的差异； 2）大气动力学对各种化学物种的影响； 3）化学物种变化对大气动力学的影响。这项工作的第二部分将探索耦合化学气候相互作用在气候变化中的作用，因为世界从臭氧消耗的时代移动时，臭氧耗竭物质增加（大约1980- 1995年），转变为臭氧回收（1995年 - 未来）。研究人员将重点关注1）未来气候状态的变异性，2）衰老时间标准的表面气候趋势和3）耦合化学气候模型的大型气候变化的预测不确定性。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估值得支持的。

项目成果

Climate Impacts and Potential Drivers of the Unprecedented Antarctic Ozone Holes of 2020 and 2021

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gl098064
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: S. Yook;D. Thompson;S. Solomon

The Key Role of Coupled Chemistry–Climate Interactions in Tropical Stratospheric Temperature Variability

耦合化学与气候相互作用在热带平流层温度变化中的关键作用

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-20-0071.1
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Yook, Simchan;Thompson, David W.;Solomon, Susan;Kim, Seo-Yeon
• 通讯作者: Kim, Seo-Yeon

Emergence of Southern Hemisphere stratospheric circulation changes in response to ozone recovery

南半球平流层环流因臭氧恢复而发生变化

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-021-00803-3
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Zambri, Brian;Solomon, Susan;Thompson, David W.;Fu, Qiang
• 通讯作者: Fu, Qiang

Evaluating Stratospheric Tropical Width Using Tracer Concentrations

使用示踪剂浓度评估平流层热带宽度

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033081
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Shah, Kasturi S.;Solomon, Susan;Thompson, David W. J.;Kinnison, Douglas E.
• 通讯作者: Kinnison, Douglas E.

Widespread changes in surface temperature persistence under climate change

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03943-z
• 发表时间: 2021-11-18
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Li, Jingyuan;Thompson, David W. J.
• 通讯作者: Thompson, David W. J.