Collaborative Research: From rock to regolith to rivers: weathering, grain size, and controls on soil production and fluvial incision

合作研究：从岩石到风化层再到河流：风化、粒度以及对土壤生产和河流切割的控制

• 批准号: 1848637
• 负责人: Jane Willenbring
• 金额: $ 29.24万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1848637&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; rock; regolith; rivers

Soil is a vital resource but processes controlling soil production are not well understood. Data collected in previously NSF-funded studies, along with new data, will be used to better understand how soil is produced in different environments. The depth of soil is likely closely linked to the soil production rate and how rivers erode. How rivers and soils interact has practical consequences for river infrastructure and human impacts on landscapes such as deforestation or forest fires. How sustainable is soil given a changing Earth? Undergraduate and graduate students and a post-doctoral scholar will contribute to this research project. The team will also use 3D printers to make synthetic landscapes to be used as part of outreach to K-12 students who are visually impaired or have Autism Spectrum Disorder.In the Rio Blanco watershed in the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory, we will map patterns in surface soil thickness, grain size, and soil chemistry across the landscape and tie these to new rates of soil production and soil grain residence time. Theoretical hillslope-channel coupling will be modeled using the Landlab modeling toolkit and a recently published analytical model that predicts the grain size distribution of sediment fed to channels as a function of climate and erosion rate, which controls the residence time of soil particles. We will also build a new fluvial incision modeling component to incorporate the influence of sediment load, including grain size, on bedrock incision rates. Further, data from the Rio Blanco will be used to calibrate a Landlab model.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤是重要的资源，但是控制土壤生产的过程尚不清楚。在先前由NSF资助的研究中收集的数据以及新数据将用于更好地了解在不同环境中如何生产土壤的数据。土壤的深度可能与土壤生产率以及河流的侵蚀密切相关。河流和土壤的相互作用如何对河流基础设施以及人类对森林砍伐或森林大火等景观的影响产生实际影响。鉴于地球变化，土壤的可持续性如何？本科生和研究生以及博士后学者将为该研究项目做出贡献。该团队还将使用3D打印机来制作合成景观，以作为视力障碍或患有自闭症谱系障碍的K-12学生的一部分。理论山坡通道耦合将使用Landlab建模工具包和最近发表的分析模型进行建模，该模型可预测喂养到通道的粒度分布，这是气候和侵蚀速率的函数，该模型控制着土壤颗粒的居住时间。我们还将建立一个新的河流切口建模组件，以结合泥沙负载（包括晶粒尺寸）对基岩切口率的影响。此外，Rio Blanco的数据将用于校准Landlab模型。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。