EAGER SitS: Soil Soundscapes from Seismic Arrays

EAGER SitS：地震阵列的土壤声景

• 批准号: 1841619
• 负责人: Jane Willenbring
• 金额: $ 29.44万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2020-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1841619&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; SitS; Soil; Soundscapes; Seismic

Soil is a vital natural resource, and understanding how and why soil particles move has both practical and theoretical importance. This new collaboration takes a novel approach to studying soil and biotic processes from soundscapes by analyzing the seismic signals that can be readily measured by seismometers, which are usually used to monitor earthquakes. This work represents an exploratory phase in an interdisciplinary frontier to understand soil processes by bridging the fields of geology, geophysics, ecology and biology. The investigators will build capacity through training and integration of disciplines and linking established National Science Foundation-funded networks and datasets to probe soil movement and mixing processes in the arid University of California Reserve Ecological Research site (Elliott Chaparral Reserve) and a NSF-funded Critical Zone Observatory/Long-Term Ecological Research site: a humid, tropical forest site (Puerto Rico - the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory). Listening to previously unheard soil soundscapes is a new horizon for interdisciplinary soil research that will facilitate scientific progress and learning opportunities for grant-supported trainees and the public. This project will include a series of public outreach and training activities focusing on earth sounds for students and community members, including those who are visually impaired. The investigators will also develop a display for the Birch Aquarium in La Jolla, CA to compare soil soundscapes and ocean soundscapes.Over ninety-nine percent of the signals recorded by existing seismic arrays are traditionally considered 'noise' and ignored. Recent work, however, has highlighted the generation of elastic waves by processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and soil. This research aims to explore and quantify the geo-, eco- and anthro-soundscapes in soils. Biological agents play an important role in landscape change as animals and plants erode, transport, and deposit rock, soil, and unconsolidated material. Despite the obvious role that biological agents play in driving surface processes, biology and geomorphology have largely worked independently of one another in the generation of quantitative geomorphic theories and models. The role that animals play in landscape evolution is either generally ignored or broadly classified because the non-uniform, non-steady nature of most biogeomorphic agents is difficult to document and thus quantify. Stochastic, 'patchy' geomorphic disturbances like tree fall and movement of sediment by animals can exert first-order influences on landscapes and cycling of nutrients and carbon sequestration in soils, but the rates and frequencies at which these disturbances mobilize, exhume and bury sediment are challenging to constrain. Seismic observations and methods offer complementary advantages for soil studies compared to traditional detection, monitoring and characterization techniques because they provide high temporal resolution and broad spatial coverage, are passive and non-invasive, and provide the ability to collect continuous, real-time observations from multiple sources and inaccessible environments. Though the seismic monitoring sensors capable of detecting bioturbation have been used for decades throughout the world, these data have not yet been exploited for such a purpose. The broader use of seismological capabilities may provide insight into the connections between mechanistic drivers and source processes, and promote new insights into the underlying physics and relationships between Earth surface and near-surface processes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤是重要的自然资源，也是理解土壤颗粒如何以及为什么具有实际和理论上的重要性。 这种新的合作采用了一种新颖的方法来通过分析可以通过地震仪轻松测量的地震信号来研究土壤和生物过程，这些信号通常用于监测地震。这项工作代表了跨学科前沿中的一个探索阶段，可以通过弥合地质，地球物理学，生态学和生物学领域来了解土壤过程。 The investigators will build capacity through training and integration of disciplines and linking established National Science Foundation-funded networks and datasets to probe soil movement and mixing processes in the arid University of California Reserve Ecological Research site (Elliott Chaparral Reserve) and a NSF-funded Critical Zone Observatory/Long-Term Ecological Research site: a humid, tropical forest site (Puerto Rico - the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory). 聆听以前闻所未闻的土壤音景是跨学科土壤研究的新地平线，它将促进科学进步和学习机会，为赠款支持的学员和公众提供了机会。 该项目将包括一系列的公共宣传和培训活动，这些活动重点是学生和社区成员，包括视力障碍的人。调查人员还将为加利福尼亚州拉霍亚的桦木水族馆开发一个展示，以比较土壤音景和海洋音景。以外，现有地震阵列记录的信号中有百分之九十九被认为是“噪音”并忽略了。然而，最近的工作强调了大气，水圈和土壤中的过程的产生弹性波。这项研究旨在探索和量化土壤中的地理，生态和人类景观。随着动物和植物的侵蚀，运输和沉积岩石，土壤和未固结的材料，生物剂在景观变化中起着重要作用。尽管生物剂在驱动表面过程中起着明显的作用，但生物学和地貌学在很大程度上在定量的地貌理论和模型的产生中彼此独立。动物在景观进化中起的作用通常被忽略或广泛分类，因为大多数生物地球体剂的不均匀，不稳定性的性质很难进行记录并因此进行量化。 随机，“斑点”的地貌干扰，例如树木秋天和动物沉积物的运动，可以对土壤中养分和营养物质和碳固执的循环产生一阶影响，但是这些干扰动员，挖掘和埋葬沉积物的速度和频率却挑战了挑战。与传统的检测，监测和表征技术相比，地震观察和方法为土壤研究提供了互补的优势，因为它们提供了高度的时间分辨率和广泛的空间覆盖，具有被动的和无创的，并提供了从多个来源和不可接受的环境中收集持续的实时观察的能力。尽管在世界范围内已经使用了能够检测生物扰动的地震监测传感器，但这些数据尚未用于此类目的。地震能力的更广泛使用可以提供对机械驱动因素和源流程之间的联系的见解，并促进对地球表面和近乎表面过程之间基础物理和关系的新见解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估该基金会的知识分子优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。