Continuing Support of Sustainable Observations of Thermal State of Permafrost in North America and Russia: The U.S. Contribution to the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost

持续支持北美和俄罗斯永久冻土热状态的可持续观测：美国对全球永久冻土陆地网络的贡献

• 批准号: 1832238
• 负责人: Dmitry Nicolsky
• 金额: $ 294.65万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832238&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continuing; Support; Sustainable; Observations; Thermal

Permafrost, defined as soil, rock or sediment that remains below 0 degrees Celsius for more than two consecutive years, varies in coverage and ice content. When permafrost warms and thaws, any buried ground ice present melts. This can lead to ground surface caving, changes in terrain, and damage to infrastructure. Permafrost thaw can also change dynamics of carbon cycling and affect near-surface hydrology causing the ground surface to become wetter or drier. To understand how fast and where permafrost is warming, this project supports the ongoing collection of high-quality, long-term data on ground temperature at more than 250 permafrost monitoring sites in Alaska, Siberia, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. To refine detection of ground warming, the investigators will supplement some monitoring sites with sensors to directly measure the heat flux between the near-surface permafrost and ground surface. To understand the relationship between permafrost warming and ground surface subsidence, the investigators will also monitor and map geomorphological changes along a transect that runs south to north across sub-Arctic and Arctic Alaska. This proposal strengthens the International Network of Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) Observatories and provides the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P) and the NSF Arctic Data Center with a consistent, representative, and high quality standardized long-term data series of selected permafrost parameters. This project will continue to maintain and acquire data from the existing Alaskan and Northwest Canadian network of permafrost observatories for the period 2019 to 2023; continue to develop a sustainable network of permafrost observatories in the Russian Arctic and participate in the acquisition of a comparable set of standardized data from regional observatories; participate in the implementation of the international TSP project as the US contribution to the GTN-P; continue to develop and update a joint Alaska-Russian permafrost temperature database and provide data to other data systems; and monitor the geomorphological impact of permafrost degradation at five surface observation sites. This project will also involve a number of undergraduate students, train one PhD student, mentor a postdoctoral scholar, and support K-12 outreach activities in both Alaska and Russia.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

永久冻土被定义为连续两年以上保持在 0 摄氏度以下的土壤、岩石或沉积物，其覆盖范围和冰含量各不相同。当永久冻土变暖和融化时，任何埋藏的地面冰都会融化。这可能导致地表塌陷、地形变化以及基础设施损坏。永久冻土融化还会改变碳循环的动态并影响近地表水文，导致地表变得更湿或更干。为了了解永久冻土变暖的速度和地点，该项目支持在阿拉斯加、西伯利亚和加拿大北极群岛的 250 多个永久冻土监测点持续收集高质量、长期的地面温度数据。为了完善对地面变暖的检测，研究人员将在一些监测点补充传感器，以直接测量近地表永久冻土与地表之间的热通量。为了了解永久冻土变暖与地表沉降之间的关系，研究人员还将监测并绘制从南到北横跨亚北极和北极阿拉斯加的横断面的地貌变化。 该提案加强了国际永久冻土热状态 (TSP) 观测站网络，并为全球永久冻土陆地网络 (GTN-P) 和 NSF 北极数据中心提供一致、具有代表性和高质量的标准化长期数据系列选定的永久冻土参数。该项目将继续维护和获取现有阿拉斯加和加拿大西北部永久冻土观测站网络2019年至2023年的数据；继续在俄罗斯北极地区建立可持续的永久冻土观测站网络，并参与从区域观测站获取一套可比较的标准化数据；参与国际TSP项目的实施，作为美国对GTN-P的贡献；继续开发和更新阿拉斯加-俄罗斯联合永久冻土温度数据库，并向其他数据系统提供数据；并在五个地面观测点监测永久冻土退化对地貌的影响。该项目还将涉及多名本科生，培养一名博士生，指导一名博士后学者，并支持阿拉斯加和俄罗斯的 K-12 外展活动。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用评估结果被认为值得支持。基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

State of the Climate in 2020

• DOI: 10.1175/2021bamsstateoftheclimate.1
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: J. Blunden;T. Boyer

Modeling Present and Future Permafrost Distribution at the Seward Peninsula, Alaska

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jf005355
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
• 作者: M. Debolskiy;D. Nicolsky;R. Hock;V. Romanovsky

Scientific Cooperation: Supporting Circumpolar Permafrost Monitoring and Data Sharing

• DOI: 10.3390/land10060590
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Land
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: T. Bouffard;E. Uryupova;K. Dodds;V. Romanovsky;A. Bennett;D. Streletskiy

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Permafrost in the Western Part of the Russian Arctic

• DOI: 10.3390/en15072311
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: G. Malkova;D. Drozdov;A. Vasiliev;A. Gravis;G. Kraev;Yu. A. Korostelev;K. Nikitin;P. Orekhov;O. Ponomareva;V. Romanovsky;M. Sadurtdinov;A. Shein;A. Skvortsov;M. Sudakova;Andrey Tsarev

Degrading permafrost and its impacts

永久冻土退化及其影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.accre.2021.01.007
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Adv Clim Change Res
• 作者: Jin H;Wu Q;Romanovsky VE
• 通讯作者: Romanovsky VE