Continuing Support of Sustainable Observations of Thermal State of Permafrost in North America and Russia: The U.S. Contribution to the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost

持续支持北美和俄罗斯永久冻土热状态的可持续观测：美国对全球永久冻土陆地网络的贡献

• 批准号: 1832238
• 负责人: Dmitry Nicolsky
• 金额: $ 294.65万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832238&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continuing; Support; Sustainable; Observations; Thermal

Permafrost, defined as soil, rock or sediment that remains below 0 degrees Celsius for more than two consecutive years, varies in coverage and ice content. When permafrost warms and thaws, any buried ground ice present melts. This can lead to ground surface caving, changes in terrain, and damage to infrastructure. Permafrost thaw can also change dynamics of carbon cycling and affect near-surface hydrology causing the ground surface to become wetter or drier. To understand how fast and where permafrost is warming, this project supports the ongoing collection of high-quality, long-term data on ground temperature at more than 250 permafrost monitoring sites in Alaska, Siberia, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. To refine detection of ground warming, the investigators will supplement some monitoring sites with sensors to directly measure the heat flux between the near-surface permafrost and ground surface. To understand the relationship between permafrost warming and ground surface subsidence, the investigators will also monitor and map geomorphological changes along a transect that runs south to north across sub-Arctic and Arctic Alaska. This proposal strengthens the International Network of Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) Observatories and provides the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P) and the NSF Arctic Data Center with a consistent, representative, and high quality standardized long-term data series of selected permafrost parameters. This project will continue to maintain and acquire data from the existing Alaskan and Northwest Canadian network of permafrost observatories for the period 2019 to 2023; continue to develop a sustainable network of permafrost observatories in the Russian Arctic and participate in the acquisition of a comparable set of standardized data from regional observatories; participate in the implementation of the international TSP project as the US contribution to the GTN-P; continue to develop and update a joint Alaska-Russian permafrost temperature database and provide data to other data systems; and monitor the geomorphological impact of permafrost degradation at five surface observation sites. This project will also involve a number of undergraduate students, train one PhD student, mentor a postdoctoral scholar, and support K-12 outreach activities in both Alaska and Russia.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

永久冻土，定义为连续两年以上的土壤，岩石或沉积物，覆盖范围和冰含量各不相同。当永久冻土变暖和融化时，任何埋入的地面冰都会融化。这可能导致地面洞穴，地形变化以及对基础设施的破坏。多年冻结还可以改变碳循环的动力学，并影响近地面水文，从而导致地面变得更湿或干燥。为了了解永久冻土变暖的速度和位置，该项目支持在阿拉斯加，西伯利亚和加拿大北极群岛的250多个多年冻土监测地点的持续收集地面温度的长期数据收集。为了完善对地面变暖的检测，研究人员将用传感器补充一些监测位点，以直接测量近地面永久冻土和地面表面之间的热通量。为了了解永久冻结变暖与地面沉降之间的关系，研究人员还将监视和绘制沿横断面沿着北极和北极阿拉斯加向北延伸到北的样带的地貌变化。 该提案加强了永久冻土（TSP）观测值的国际热状态网络，并提供了多个弗罗斯特（GTN-P）和NSF北极数据中心的全球地面网络，并具有一致，代表性和高质量的标准化长期数据系列所选Permafrost参数的一致性，高质量的长期数据系列。该项目将继续从2019年至2023年期间从现有的阿拉斯加和西北加拿大的多年冻土天文台维护和获取数据；继续在俄罗斯北极建立一个可持续的多年冻土观测站网络，并参与从区域观测者那里获取一组可比的标准化数据集；参加国际TSP项目的实施，作为美国对GTN-P的贡献；继续开发和更新联合阿拉斯加 - 俄罗斯多年冻土温度数据库，并向其他数据系统提供数据；并监测五个表面观测位点多年冻土降解的地貌影响。该项目还将涉及许多本科生，培训一名博士生，导师的博士后学者，并支持在阿拉斯加和俄罗斯的K-12外展活动。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

State of the Climate in 2020

• DOI: 10.1175/2021bamsstateoftheclimate.1
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: J. Blunden;T. Boyer

Scientific Cooperation: Supporting Circumpolar Permafrost Monitoring and Data Sharing

• DOI: 10.3390/land10060590
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Land
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: T. Bouffard;E. Uryupova;K. Dodds;V. Romanovsky;A. Bennett;D. Streletskiy

Modeling Present and Future Permafrost Distribution at the Seward Peninsula, Alaska

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jf005355
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
• 作者: M. Debolskiy;D. Nicolsky;R. Hock;V. Romanovsky

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Permafrost in the Western Part of the Russian Arctic

• DOI: 10.3390/en15072311
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: G. Malkova;D. Drozdov;A. Vasiliev;A. Gravis;G. Kraev;Yu. A. Korostelev;K. Nikitin;P. Orekhov;O. Ponomareva;V. Romanovsky;M. Sadurtdinov;A. Shein;A. Skvortsov;M. Sudakova;Andrey Tsarev

Degrading permafrost and its impacts

永久冻土退化及其影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.accre.2021.01.007
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Adv Clim Change Res
• 作者: Jin H;Wu Q;Romanovsky VE
• 通讯作者: Romanovsky VE