Environmental Health Governance in Six Cities: How Scientific Cultures, Practices and Infrastructure Shape Governance Styles

六座城市的环境健康治理：科学文化、实践和基础设施如何塑造治理风格

• 批准号: 1823552
• 负责人: Kim Fortun
• 金额: $ 11.33万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823552&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Environmental; Health; Governance; Six; Cities

General Audience Summary This project will focus on efforts to understand and address the health effects of long term exposure to transportation-related air pollution in six cities: Albany, New York City, Philadelphia, Houston, Beijing, and Bengalura. In each city studied, project researchers will examine the operation and use of science in four arenas of governance: environment, health, transportation and education. They will explore how these different arenas interrelate, and they will map the sources of scientific evidence used in governance, how these sources are evaluated, and translated into policy and programming. They will also document and analyze the scientific infrastructures that produced the findings used in governance, the diversity of stakeholders involved in interpreting scientific findings, and diverse cultural logics that shape the creation and use of scientific knowledge in different settings. Ethnographic interviews will be the primary means of data collection, supplemented by analyses of scientific publications, policy debates, and media coverage. The final stage of the project will result in recommendations that will be actively disseminated among policy makers, journalists and other stakeholders in all cities and countries studied in the project. Project results will also be translated into curriculum for K-undergraduate students, using the techniques and infrastructure developed by RPI's EcoEd Research Group.Technical Summary This project is an innovative extension of an ongoing project, The Asthma Files project. The digital platform built for the ongoing project will support collaboration among researchers (including student researchers) involved in the new project. In addition, there will be in each city a field school to teach the project's methods to students. The aim of the project is to advance understanding of different ways scientific capacity is developed and used in governance, examining how environmental health research and governance has developed. The project will result in a theoretically robust, empirically grounded conception of environmental health research and governance styles, detailing and categorizing different ways of developing environmental health data, advancing the sciences of environment and health, and directing these toward governance of complex problems. It will extend theorization of governance by addressing how scientific cultures, practices, and infrastructure shape governance processes and outcomes; and it will test and stabilize the process and cyberinfrastructure needed to support collaborative research in the social studies of science. Project results will have wide implications in efforts to improve collaboration between governance regimes (across scale, and between nations); such collaboration is particularly important in addressing complex, often trans-boundary problems like air pollution, which call for new levels of cooperation and sharing of technology, data, and effective policy design.

总受众摘要该项目将着重于了解和解决长期暴露于六个城市中的与运输相关的空气污染的健康影响：奥尔巴尼，纽约市，费城，休斯顿，北京和班加罗拉。在每个研究的城市中，项目研究人员将研究四个治理领域的科学运作和使用：环境，健康，运输和教育。他们将探讨这些不同的领域如何相互关联，并将绘制用于治理中使用的科学证据的来源，如何评估这些来源，并将其转化为政策和编程。他们还将记录和分析产生治理中使用的发现的科学基础设施，涉及解释科学发现的利益相关者的多样性以及多样化的文化逻辑，这些逻辑塑造了不同环境中科学知识的创造和使用。民族志访谈将是数据收集的主要手段，并由科学出版物，政策辩论和媒体报道的分析补充。该项目的最后阶段将提出建议，这些建议将在该项目中所有城市中的政策制定者，记者和其他利益相关者之间积极传播。项目结果还将使用RPI的Ecoed Research Group开发的技术和基础架构，为K-多名学生的K级学生转化为课程。技术摘要此项目是对正在进行的项目，即哮喘文件项目的创新扩展。为正在进行的项目构建的数字平台将支持研究人员（包括学生研究人员）之间的合作。此外，每个城市都会有一所野外学校向学生讲授项目的方法。该项目的目的是提高人们对科学能力的发展方式的理解，以研究环境健康研究和治理的发展。该项目将导致一种理论上坚固的，经验上扎根的环境健康研究和治理风格的概念，详细介绍并分类了开发环境健康数据，推进环境和健康科学的不同方式，并将这些方法引向复杂问题的治理。它将通过解决科学文化，实践和基础设施如何塑造治理过程和结果来扩展治理的理论；它将测试和稳定支持科学社会研究中的协作研究所需的过程和网络基础设施。项目结果将对改善治理制度（跨越规模，国家之间）之间的合作的努力具有广泛的影响；这种合作在解决复杂的，通常是跨界的问题（例如空气污染）方面尤其重要，这些问题要求新的合作和共享技术，数据和有效的政策设计水平。