Energy materials based on single-ion conducting polymers mixed with zwitterions

基于与两性离子混合的单离子导电聚合物的能源材料

基本信息

批准号：
1807934
负责人：
Ralph Colby
金额：
$ 63.41万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1807934&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Energy materials based single ion

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Applications that will be enabled by new materials in the energy arena simultaneously require maximal conductivity of one and only one type of ion. This research on ion conduction and dielectric constant of polymeric energy materials aims to understand the structure-property relations in polymers that conduct only one type of ion, such as lithium for advanced batteries and perhaps larger mobile ions for supercapacitors, sensors, and mechanical actuators. A way to increase the mobility of the conducting ions is to add "zwitterions", which are small molecules containing both positive and negative charges, to single-ion conducting polymers. Although the method of adding zwitterions to polymeric materials has shown promise, fundamental insight is needed to design materials for specific functions for future applications. If successful, the fundamental knowledge generated from this research will result in the understanding needed to design polymeric materials for a variety of specific energy applications, including advanced batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, ionic actuators, supercapacitors, and energy harvesting devices (each of which require maximizing ion transport). Each of those applications has the potential to change current technologies and improve the lives of humans across the globe. This project will also provide advanced scientific training and exposure to interdisciplinary research to graduate and undergraduate students, as well as opportunities for outreach.TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Ionomers are an important class of energy materials for applications that require single-ion conduction, yet their structure-property relations are only beginning to be explored. In this research, three novel types of materials are being made: (1) High molecular weight polycations with conducting counter-anions that are homopolymers, random copolymers and diblock copolymers, (2) high molecular weight polyanions with conducting counter-cations that are homopolymers, random copolymers and diblock copolymers, and (3) polar small molecule zwitterions that are non-volatile plasticizers for both types of ionomers to boost ionic conductivity. A key fundamental question is how mixtures of ionomers and zwitterions can be optimized by careful molecular design of the two. If successful, this research will reveal the design rules for the codesign of ionomer and zwitterion. By fully understanding the dielectric response of these materials (including the temperature dependence of dielectric constant and ionic conductivity) and using X-ray scattering to detail their morphology, the effects of systematic variations in zwitterion structure in such mixtures will be understood in detail. By exploring the parameter space of ion content, counterion type and polarity (dielectric constant) of the zwitterion, the potential of this class of energy materials, in terms of highest possible dielectric constant and ionic conductivity, will be determined.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要：将在能量领域中新材料启用的应用同时需要一种和仅一种一种类型的离子的最大电导率。这项关于聚合物能材料的离子传导和介电常数的研究旨在了解聚合物中仅进行一种离子的结构 - 特性关系，例如用于高级电池的锂以及用于超级电容器，传感器和机械执行器的较大移动离子。提高导电离子迁移率的一种方法是添加“ zwitterions”，这些分子是一个小分子，含有正电荷和负电荷，向单离子传导聚合物。尽管在聚合物材料中添加ZWITTER的方法已显示出希望，但为未来应用设计特定功能设计材料所需的基本见解。如果成功的话，这项研究产生的基本知识将导致为各种特定能源应用设计聚合材料所需的理解，包括高级电池，燃料电池，太阳能电池，离子驱动器，超级电容器和能量收集设备（每种设备）需要最大化离子传输）。这些应用程序中的每一个都有可能改变当前技术并改善全球人类的生活。该项目还将为研究生和本科生提供高级的科学培训和对跨学科研究的接触，以及宣传的机会。技术摘要：电离列表是需要单位传导的应用的重要类别的能量材料，但它们的结构 - 但它们的结构 - 但刚刚开始探索财产关系。在这项研究中，正在制作三种新型材料：（1）高分子重量多阳离子，带有均聚物，随机共聚物和二嵌段共聚物的抗邻系，（2）高分子量聚会与均聚物的传导反周围的高分子量聚会，随机共聚物和二嵌段共聚物，以及（3）两种类型的电离体的非挥发性增塑的极性分子z连环体，以提高离子电导率。一个关键的基本问题是，如何通过仔细的两者分子设计来优化离子体和zwitterions的混合物。如果成功，这项研究将揭示Ionomer和Zwitterion的代码设计规则。通过充分了解这些材料的介电响应（包括介电常数和离子电导率的温度依赖性），并使用X射线散射详细介绍其形态，将详细了解这种混合物中zwitterion结构中系统变化的影响。通过探索zwitterion的离子含量，相反的类型和极性（介电常数）的参数空间，将确定这类能量材料的潜力，以最高的介电常数和离子电导率来确定。这奖反映了NSF的奖项使命，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估值得支持的。