Conduction and Mechanical Properties of Single-Ion Conducting Ionomers

单离子导电离聚物的导电和机械性能

• 批准号: 1404586
• 负责人: Ralph Colby
• 金额: $ 57.2万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404586&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Conduction; Mechanical; Properties; Single; Ion

TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Ionomers based on polar monomers are an important class of energy materials for applications that require single-ion conduction. In this research, three novel types of materials are being made: (1) High molecular weight Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) ionomers that are random copolymers of an anionic monomer and a polar solvating monomer, (2) RAFT diblock copolymers with one ionomeric random copolymer conducting block and one structural block and (3) polar low-Tg (glass transition temperature) non-volatile plasticizers. By fully understanding the dielectric and viscoelastic response of the RAFT copolymer ionomers, the optimal compositions for conduction of Li counterions will be identified and then RAFT diblock copolymers will be prepared with identical composition of the soft block. In this way, the effects of confinement to lamellar or cylinder phases can be identified, using also X-ray scattering to detail morphology. The linear viscoelastic response of these polymers will be understood using simple extensions of Rouse and reptation models to include the effects of ion association lifetimes. Polar low-Tg non-volatile plasticizers will be added to those materials to boost ion conductivity and dielectric constant of the soft domains, while lowering Tg. Thus far, siloxane oligomers with polar solvating side chains seem best, owing to their very low T (between -80 C and -60 C). By exploring the parameter space of ion content, polarity and specific solvation ability of both the comonomer and the plasticizer, the goal is to guide future materials design in the energy materials arena. For the diblock copolymers the modulus near room temperature is also crucial and the effects of these parameter variations on modulus will be measured to understand the tradeoff between ion conduction and mechanical properties, and their link to morphology and the amount of plasticizer in each microphase.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Applications that will be enabled by new materials in the energy arena simultaneously require high conductivity of one (and only one) type of ion and good mechanical strength. This research on ion conduction and mechanical properties of polymeric energy materials aims to understand the structure-property relations in polymers that conduct only one type of ion, such as lithium for advanced batteries. One strong advantage of developing materials for lithium ion transport that only conduct lithium (single-ion conductors as opposed to the lithium salts used in batteries today that also must conduct a negatively charged ion) is that both battery charging and access to the power of the battery could be as much as 100 times faster. If successful, the fundamental knowledge generated from this research will result in the understanding needed to design polymeric materials for a variety of specific energy applications, including advanced batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, ionic actuators, supercapacitors and energy harvesting devices; each of which require ion transport and mechanical strength. These applications offer societal benefits that may improve the lives of humans across the globe. Additionally, the project will involve education and training of graduate and undergraduate students.

技术摘要：基于极性单体的离子体是需要单离子传导的应用的重要类别的能量材料。 在这项研究中，正在制作三种新型材料：（1）高分子重量可逆的加法链传输转移（RAFT）离子体，它们是阴离子单体和一个极性溶剂溶剂单体的随机共聚物，（2）与一个离子体随机嵌段和一个结构性的玻璃嵌段和（3）结构性的（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）增塑剂。 通过充分了解筏共聚物离子体的介电和粘弹性响应，将确定用于传导LI柜台的最佳组成，然后将准备筏二嵌段共聚物，并以相同的软块组成来制备。 通过这种方式，可以使用X射线散射来详细说明形态。 这些聚合物的线性粘弹性响应将使用Rouse和ROUSE模型的简单扩展来理解，以包括离子关联寿命的效果。 极低-TG非挥发性增塑剂将被添加到这些材料中，以提高软域的离子电导率和介电常数，同时降低TG。 到目前为止，由于其非常低的T（在-80 C和-60 C之间），具有极性溶剂侧链的硅氧烷低聚物似乎最好。 通过探索联合体和增塑剂的离子含量，极性和特定溶剂化能力的参数空间，目标是指导能量材料领域的未来材料设计。 对于二嵌段共聚物，在室温附近的模量也至关重要，这些参数变化对模量的影响将被衡量，以了解离子传导和机械性能之间的权衡，以及它们与形态的链接以及它们与每个微粒酶中的塑性量以及仅通过新的材料启用的单个材料的应用程序（仅一个单个材料）的应用。和良好的机械强度。 这项关于聚合物能材料的离子传导和机械性能的研究旨在了解聚合物中仅进行一种类型的离子的结构特性关系，例如用于晚期电池的锂。开发仅进行锂离子运输材料的材料的一个强大优势（与当今电池中使用的锂盐相反，也必须进行负电荷的离子）是，电池充电和访问电池电量的速度可能更快100倍。 如果成功，这项研究产生的基本知识将导致为各种特定能源应用设计聚合物材料所需的理解，包括高级电池，燃料电池，太阳能电池，离子驱动器，超级电容器和能量收集设备；每个都需要离子传输和机械强度。 这些应用提供了社会利益，可以改善全球人类的生活。 此外，该项目将涉及研究生和本科生的教育和培训。