Thermal conductivity of Deep Earth's materials studied by combined fast pulsed laser and optical spectroscopy techniques

通过快速脉冲激光和光谱技术相结合研究地球深部材料的热导率

基本信息

批准号：
1763287
负责人：
Alexander Goncharov
金额：
$ 28万
依托单位：
Carnegie Institution of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-15 至 2021-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1763287&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Thermal conductivity Deep Earth materials

项目摘要

Knowledge of thermal conductivity of the Earth's mantle and core materials under extreme conditions is important for understanding the physical and chemical processes and their evolution in the Earth. Sustained heat transport through the mantle is crucial for the existence and stability of the Earth's magnetic field. The Earth's mantle dynamics depends on the rate of heat transfer by convection, conduction, and radiation, and understanding these processes requires knowledge on the conductive and radiative parts of thermal conductivity. The investigators will conduct measurements of the conductive and radiative parts of thermal conductivity at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature that are relevant for the Earth's deep interior. The laser techniques developed in this work will advance other fields, which benefit from knowledge of thermal conductivity under extremes, for example various energy applications. A range of students, including area high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral associates, will benefit from high-quality scientific training at Carnegie that will be provided by participation in the cutting-edge science that will be developed in the course of this work. The investigators will determine the thermal conductivity of the Earth's key minerals under high pressure and high temperature conditions (up to 150 GPa and 6000 K) by using pump-probe pulsed laser techniques. To determine the lattice thermal conductivity, they will measure the heat flux histories across the sample using time- and spatially- resolved spectroradiometry and/or time-domain thermoreflectance. To infer the radiative thermal conductivity, the team will study the optical spectra of these mantle minerals in the ultraviolet-to-infrared spectral range. They will apply the time-resolved emission and optical broad band spectroscopy tools that they have previously developed including pulsed white laser (supercontinuum) in combination with time-resolved multichannel detectors (streak camera and intensified CCD). The experiments will be performed on Fe and Fe-rich alloys, high-quality geologically relevant samples pre-synthesized at high P-T condition in large-volume devices (e.g. single crystals of bridgmanite), silicate and oxide melts, and planetary ices. These high P-T experimental data will enable a direct estimate of the radiative and conduction parts of the thermal conductivity of the Earth's mantle and core. These measurements will elucidate complex laws which govern thermal conductivity in the deep interior and reach sufficient accuracy to critically improve existing planetary models.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在极端条件下，了解地球地幔和核心材料的热导率的知识对于理解物理和化学过程及其在地球中的演变很重要。通过地幔的持续热传输对于地球磁场的存在和稳定性至关重要。地球的地幔动力学取决于对流，传导和辐射的传热速率，并且理解这些过程需要有关导热率的导电和辐射部位的知识。研究人员将在压力和温度的极端条件下对导热性的导电和辐射部分进行测量，这与地球深内部相关。这项工作中开发的激光技术将推进其他领域，这些领域受益于极端下的导热性知识，例如各种能源应用。包括地区高中生，本科生，研究生和博士后同事在内的一系列学生将受益于卡内基的高质量科学培训，这将通过参与这项工作的尖端科学提供。研究人员将通过使用泵送脉冲激光技术在高压和高温条件下（高度高温和6000 K）在高压和高温条件下（高达150 GPA和6000 K）的热导率。为了确定晶格的导热率，它们将使用时间和空间分辨的光谱法和/或时间域的热心构仪测量样品跨样品的热通量历史。为了推断辐射导热率，该团队将研究这些地幔矿物的光谱在紫外线到边缘光谱范围内。他们将应用以前开发的时间分辨发射和光宽带光谱工具，包括脉冲白色激光器（SuperContinuum）与时间分辨的多通道检测器（条纹摄像头和加强CCD）结合使用。这些实验将在Fe和Fe丰富的合金上进行，高质量的地质相关样品在大容量设备（例如Bridgmanite的单晶），硅酸盐和氧化物融化和星球层的高p-T条件下预先合成。这些高的P-T实验数据将可以直接估计地球和核心的热导率的辐射和传导部分。这些测量结果将阐明复杂的法律，该法律控制着深层内部的热导率，并达到足够的准确性，以批判性地改善了现有的行星模型。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点评估和更广泛的影响来进行评估的审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（12）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Radiative thermal conductivity of single-crystal bridgmanite at the core-mantle boundary with implications for thermal evolution of the Earth

核幔边界处单晶桥锰矿的辐射热导率对地球热演化的影响

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117329
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Murakami Motohiko;Goncharov Alexander F.;Miyajima Nobuyoshi;Yamazaki Daisuke;Holtgrewe Nicholas
通讯作者：
Holtgrewe Nicholas

Raman spectroscopy on hydrogenated graphene under high pressure

DOI：
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.09.077
发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
CARBON
影响因子：
10.9
作者：
Pakornchote, Teerachote;Geballe, Zachary M.;Goncharov, Alexander F.
通讯作者：
Goncharov, Alexander F.

Thermal conductivity near the bottom of the Earth's lower mantle: Measurements of pyrolite up to 120 GPa and 2500 K

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116161
发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Z. Geballe;N. Sime;J. Badro;P. V. van Keken;A. Goncharov
通讯作者：
Z. Geballe;N. Sime;J. Badro;P. V. van Keken;A. Goncharov

Helium-hydrogen immiscibility at high pressures

高压下氦-氢不混溶

DOI：
10.1063/1.5086270
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The Journal of Chemical Physics
影响因子：
0
作者：
Yu Wang;Xiao Zhang;Shuqing Jiang;Zachary M. Geballe;Teerachote Pakornchote;Maddury Somayazulu;Vitali B. Prakapenka;Eran Greenberg;Alex;er F. Goncharov
通讯作者：
er F. Goncharov

Blocked radiative heat transport in the hot pyrolitic lower mantle

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116176
发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
S. Lobanov;N. Holtgrewe;G. Ito;J. Badro;H. Piet;F. Nabiei;Jung‐Fu Lin;L. Bayarjargal;R. Wirth;A. Schreiber;A. Goncharov
通讯作者：
S. Lobanov;N. Holtgrewe;G. Ito;J. Badro;H. Piet;F. Nabiei;Jung‐Fu Lin;L. Bayarjargal;R. Wirth;A. Schreiber;A. Goncharov