Ecological Change in a Mammalian Community in Extreme Southern Patagonia

巴塔哥尼亚最南端哺乳动物群落的生态变化

• 批准号: 1749307
• 负责人: Jonathan Perry
• 金额: $ 22.03万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-15 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1749307&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; Change; Mammalian; Community; Extreme

This interdisciplinary research effort among biological anthropologists, vertebrate paleontologists, and geologists, will study how mammals adapted to their changing environment during the Miocene epoch (23-5.3 million years ago). The extraordinary preservation of primate and sloth fossils from the Mid-Miocene Santa Cruz Formation allows investigation of diet, body size, locomotor patterns, and community ecology before and after a peak in global temperature. Today, these groups in South America are primarily herbivorous and wholly tree-dwelling; they are also vulnerable to habitat destruction and shifts in weather patterns because they depend on warm, wet forests. Understanding how these groups adapted to major climatic shifts in the past will advance scientific knowledge about the effects of ecological change on vulnerable mammalian groups more generally. The project also will foster international collaborations and support graduate student training, public science outreach, and K-12 science outreach including the development of teaching kits. This project will focus on primates and sloths living before and after a major spike in global temperature (Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum). Previously, most of the work on the Santa Cruz Formation of Argentina has focused on the rich field sites of the (older) Lower Member of the formation. This project provides an opportunity to study the younger sites of the Upper Member, which coincide with the temperature maximum. Previous ecological reconstructions suggested that the habitats of the Lower Member were warmer, wetter, more closed forests and that those of the Upper Member were open woodland. However, new dating of the fossil sites suggests that global temperature was higher during the time of the Upper Member, casting doubt on these earlier ecological reconstructions. This project will focus on gathering new fossil samples from known Upper Member localities and on finding new localities. It will also include new geological research to improve correlations across localities and it will include an in-depth analysis of plant remains to help with ecological reconstruction. Mammalian comparisons between members will focus on three key aspects of sloth and primate biology: body mass reconstruction, dietary inference, and locomotor inference. Evidence for differences in these aspects of biology will consist of the size and morphology of teeth and long bones. Researchers will use cutting-edge techniques to quantify tooth wear and topography as well as long bone dimensions and cross-sectional properties.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生物人类学家，脊椎动物古生物学家和地质学家之间的这项跨学科研究工作将研究中新世时期（23-530万年前）如何适应其不断变化的环境。中新世圣克鲁斯形成中灵长类和懒惰化石的非凡保存允许在全球温度达到顶峰之前和之后研究饮食，体型，运动模式和社区生态。如今，这些在南美的群体主要是草食性和完全树木的居民。它们也容易遭受栖息地破坏和天气模式的转变，因为它们取决于温暖的湿林。了解这些群体如何适应过去的重大气候变化将进一步提高有关生态变化对脆弱哺乳动物群体的影响的科学知识。该项目还将促进国际合作，并支持研究生培训，公共科学宣传和K-12科学宣传，包括开发教学工具包。该项目将集中于全球温度大量峰值之前和之后生活的灵长类动物和懒惰（中新世中期气候最佳）。以前，阿根廷圣克鲁斯组的大部分工作都集中在（较旧的）下层成员的丰富田地上。该项目提供了研究上层构件的年轻站点的机会，该站点与最高温度相吻合。先前的生态重建表明，下构件的栖息地更温暖，湿润，更封闭的森林，上层成员的森林是开放的林地。但是，化石部位的新约会表明，在上层成员时期，全球温度较高，对这些早期的生态重建产生了怀疑。该项目将着重于从已知的上层会员地区收集新的化石样品，并寻找新的地区。它还将包括新的地质研究以改善各个地方的相关性，其中包括对植物的深入分析，以帮助进行生态重建。成员之间的哺乳动物比较将重点放在懒惰和灵长类动物生物学的三个关键方面：体重重建，饮食推断和运动推理。生物学这些方面差异的证据将包括牙齿和长骨的大小和形态。研究人员将使用尖端技术来量化牙齿磨损和地形以及长期的骨骼维度和横截面特性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估标准的评估值得支持的。

项目成果

New primates from the Río Santa Cruz and Río Bote (Early-Mid Miocene), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina

来自阿根廷圣克鲁斯省的罗圣克鲁斯和罗博特（中新世早期至中新世）的新灵长类动物

• DOI: 10.5710/peapa.24.08.2019.289
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Publicación electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
• 作者: Kay, Richard F;Perry, Jonathan MG.
• 通讯作者: Perry, Jonathan MG.

Paleosols and related soil-biota of the early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (Austral-Magallanes Basin, Argentina): a multidisciplinary approach to reconstructing ancient terrestrial landscapes

早期中新世圣克鲁斯地层（阿根廷南方麦哲伦盆地）的古土壤和相关土壤生物群：重建古代陆地景观的多学科方法

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Latin American journal of sedimentology and basin analysis
• 作者: Raigemborn, Maria Sol;Krapovickas, Veronica;Zucol, Alejandro F;Zapata, Luciano;Beilinson, Elisa;Toledo, Nestor;Perry, Jonathan;Lizzoli, Sabrina;Martegani, Lucia;Tineo, David E
• 通讯作者: Tineo, David E