Collaborative Research: Integrative analysis of the scaling of primate feeding systems

合作研究：灵长类动物饲养系统规模的综合分析

• 批准号: 0962692
• 负责人: Jonathan Perry
• 金额: $ 0.74万
• 依托单位: Midwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0962692&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Integrative; analysis; scaling

Feeding systems are the energy-acquiring systems of humans and other primates. The teeth, jaws, and muscles, are the proximal interface between primates and their environments. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary forces that shape those components is essential to understanding the adaptation and evolution of primates. This work tests hypotheses and models relating diversity in the primate feeding system to size-related changes in food intake rate. It documents how shape and movements of the mandible, the size and architecture of the jaw muscles, and the amount of food an animal eats in a single bite change with body size to meet size-required changes in food intake rate of primates. These data will be collected using computed tomography (CT) scanning of primate mandibles, anatomical studies of primate chewing muscles, and behavioral studies of primates feeding in captivity. Mathematical models of the feeding system will be tested, modified and improved, then used to examine how feeding system designs in different evolutionary groups of primates balance trade-offs between advantages of bite force production, chewing speed and gape. This research will create novel and important data sets that can be accessed in the future by other researchers interested in feeding biomechanics, bone biomechanics, and musculoskeletal systems in general. The investigators will continue to recruit under-represented minority and female undergraduates to receive training and mentoring in research and advice on their paths to graduate, medical, and other professional schools. These students will collaborate in all aspects of the work, including presentation and publication. The PIs will continue their outreach programs to local schools and their synergistic activities with other NSF-funded projects.

喂养系统是人类和其他灵长类动物的能量竞争系统。牙齿，下巴和肌肉是灵长类动物及其环境之间的近端界面。 因此，了解塑造这些组件的进化力对于理解灵长类动物的适应和演变至关重要。这项工作测试了灵长类动物喂养系统中多样性与食物摄入率变化有关的假设和模型。它记录了下颌骨的形状和运动，下颌肌肉的大小和结构以及动物在单一咬合中食用的食物量随身携带的食物，以满足灵长类动物的食物摄入量的尺寸变化。这些数据将使用灵长类动物下颌骨的计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描，对灵长类动物咀嚼肌肉的解剖学研究以及对囚禁的灵长类动物的行为研究。喂食系统的数学模型将进行测试，修改和改进，然后用于研究不同灵长类动物的不同进化组中的喂养系统设计如何平衡咬合力产生，咀嚼速度和gape的优势之间的权衡。这项研究将创建新颖而重要的数据集，将来其他有兴趣喂养生物力学，骨生物力学和肌肉骨骼系统的研究人员可以访问这些数据集。调查人员将继续招募代表性不足的少数群体和女性大学生，以接受研究和指导的研究和指导，以了解其毕业，医学和其他专业学校的途径。 这些学生将在工作的各个方面进行合作，包括演讲和出版。 PI将继续向当地学校及其与其他NSF资助的项目进行宣传计划及其协同活动。