EAGER: Global assessment of the causes and consequences of commonness and rarity in freshwaters

EAGER：对淡水中常见性和稀有性的原因和后果的全球评估

基本信息

批准号：
1745348
负责人：
Sophia Passy
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Arlington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745348&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Global assessment causes consequences

项目摘要

Human activity has caused a decline in global biodiversity through resource overexploitation, habitat modification, and introduction of non-native species. When rare species are lost, communities exhibit decreased functionality and provide devalued services to humans, which is an environmental and a socioeconomic problem. Although biodiversity loss is global and affects all ecosystems, biodiversity in freshwaters is threatened by much higher extinction rates compared to terrestrial habitats. Therefore, a better understanding of the causes and extent of rarity in freshwaters is urgently needed. Species rarity can be assessed using the species abundance distribution (SAD), which is a measure of the relative abundances of common and rare species. Although the SAD has been investigated for more than 70 years, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that determine the patterns of abundance inequality. The study will address this knowledge gap by developing a novel framework which predicts the response of the SAD in freshwater habitats along environmental and spatial gradients. The study will also investigate how the SAD affects regional biodiversity. Finally, the study will inform decisions for watershed management and biodiversity preservation by elucidating the causes of rarity in species targeted for conservation. This project will also provide research training for one postdoctoral associated, one graduate student and several undergraduate students.This project formulates specific hypotheses, predicting the SAD variability in response to niche and dispersal-related mechanisms as a function of scale, body size, and connectivity. These hypotheses will be tested with global data on freshwater algae, invertebrates, and fish, collected from running and standing waters by US and foreign agencies. Then, it will be determined how, in turn, the SAD constrains the patterns of beta diversity, a key component of regional biodiversity, by employing null model approaches. The SAD of communities and species groups of conservational or environmental importance will be fit with appropriate models. The variability of the parameters of these models will be analyzed statistically along gradients of water chemistry, climate, land use, latitude, longitude, and altitude, and across scales, habitats, and organismal groups. Implementation of the proposed framework would lead to better integration of metacommunity ecology and conservation.

人类活动通过资源过度开发，栖息地修饰和非本地物种的引入而导致全球生物多样性下降。当稀有物种丢失时，社区表现出降低的功能，并为人类提供贬值的服务，这是一种环境和社会经济问题。尽管生物多样性损失是全球性的，并且影响了所有生态系统，但与地面栖息地相比，淡水的生物多样性受到更高的灭绝率的威胁。因此，迫切需要更好地了解淡水中稀有性的原因和程度。可以使用物种丰度分布（SAD）评估物种稀有性，这是对共同物种和稀有物种的相对丰度的量度。尽管对SAD进行了70多年的调查，但对决定丰度不平等的模式的基本机制知之甚少。该研究将通过开发一个新的框架来解决这一知识差距，该框架可以预测沿环境和空间梯度沿淡水栖息地中SAD的反应。该研究还将研究SAD如何影响区域生物多样性。最后，这项研究将通过阐明针对保护的物种的罕见原因来为分水岭管理和生物多样性保存的决定提供信息。该项目还将为一个相关的博士后，一名研究生和几名本科生提供研究培训。该项目提出了特定的假设，预测了对利基市场和分散相关机制的响应，作为规模，身体大小和连接性的功能。这些假设将通过美国和外国机构从跑步和站立水中收集的淡水藻类，无脊椎动物和鱼类的全球数据进行测试。然后，将确定SAD如何通过采用无效模型方法来限制Beta多样性的模式，即区域生物多样性的关键组成部分。社区和保护或环境重要性的社区和物种群体将与适当的模型相吻合。这些模型参数的可变性将沿统计分析，沿水化学，气候，土地利用，纬度，经度和高度以及范围，栖息地和有机体组的梯度进行统计分析。拟议框架的实施将导致更好地整合元社区生态和保护。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Local and regional drivers of taxonomic homogenization in stream communities along a land use gradient

DOI：
10.1111/geb.12976
发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
Global Ecology and Biogeography
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
William R. Budnick;T. Leboucher;J. Belliard;J. Soininen;I. Lavoie;Katrina L. Pound;A. Jamoneau;J. Tison‐Rosebery;É. Tales;V. Pajunen;Stéphane Campeau;S. Passy
通讯作者：
William R. Budnick;T. Leboucher;J. Belliard;J. Soininen;I. Lavoie;Katrina L. Pound;A. Jamoneau;J. Tison‐Rosebery;É. Tales;V. Pajunen;Stéphane Campeau;S. Passy

Beta diversity response to stress severity and heterogeneity in sensitive versus tolerant stream diatoms

DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12865
发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
Diversity and Distributions
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Katrina L. Pound;G. Lawrence;S. Passy
通讯作者：
Katrina L. Pound;G. Lawrence;S. Passy

The biogeographical patterns of species richness and abundance distribution in stream diatoms are driven by climate and water chemistry

溪流硅藻物种丰富度和丰度分布的生物地理模式是由气候和水化学驱动的

DOI：
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
The American naturalist
影响因子：
0
作者：
Passy, S. I.;Larson, C. A.;Jamoneau, A.;Budnick, W. R.;Heino, J.;Leboucher, T.;Tison-Rosebery, J.;Soininen, J
通讯作者：
Soininen, J

Current distributions and future climate‐driven changes in diatoms, insects and fish in U.S. streams