Collaborative Research: Continuation of the Dark Matter Search with XENON1T at LNGS

合作研究：在 LNGS 上使用 XENON1T 继续暗物质搜索

• 批准号: 1719268
• 负责人: Hanguo Wang
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Continuation; Dark; Matter

Multiple astronomical observations have established that about 85% of the matter in the universe is not made of normal atoms, but must be otherwise undetected elementary "dark matter" particles that do not emit or absorb light. Deciphering the nature of this so-called Dark Matter is of fundamental importance to cosmology, astrophysics, and high-energy particle physics. A leading hypothesis is that it is comprised of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, or WIMPs, that were produced moments after the Big Bang. If WIMPs are the dark matter, then their presence in our galaxy may be detectable via scattering from atomic nuclei in detectors located deep underground to help reject backgrounds due to cosmic rays. Direct detection of WIMP dark matter would solve a fundamental mystery in particle physics and cosmology, providing a unique window to learning about the primary matter constituent of the Universe and of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. This award supports the US groups involved in the XENON1T dark matter search program at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) underground laboratory.The XENON project continues to captivate the imagination of the public. This is evidenced, for example, by several TV shows such as "The Big Bang Theory", which on several occasions featured XENON plots and results. Public interest in science is encouraged through talks and outreach activities. XENON1T will play a significant role in solving the dark matter puzzle, by either detecting WIMPs, or putting them under immense pressure as viable dark matter candidates. In addressing this fundamental physics problem, these awards will engage many undergraduate and graduate students as well as post-doctoral researchers, exposing them to a variety of subjects in physics and cosmology, and training them in state-of-the-art technologies, thus preparing to become future leaders in the field. Finally, the instrumentation and techniques used in XENON are relevant to a wide range of applications, from areas in homeland security and medical imaging, to the analysis and statistical treatment of large data sets.The program for the next four years will focus on the continued operation of the XENON1T experiment and its science data analysis. The international XENON Collaboration of 130 scientists continues to be led by the PI at Columbia University with key roles served by US members both in the management of the experiment and its scientific program. XENON1T uses the largest liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC) built to-date, with 2 tonnes active Xe target, and the highest sensitivity to dark matter Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), at the level of 2 × 10^-47 cm^2 for 40 GeV WIMPs. With funding of this proposal, the US will remain in the lead of the direct search for dark matter well beyond the end of the decade.

多次天文观察结果表明，宇宙中约85％的物质不是由正常原子制成的，而是必须是未发现的基本“暗物质”颗粒，而不会发出或吸收光。破译这种所谓的暗物质的性质对于宇宙学，天体物理学和高能粒子物理学至关重要。一个主要的假设是，它是由弱相互作用的巨大颗粒或wimps完成的，这些颗粒是在大爆炸之后产生的。如果wim是暗物质，那么它们在我们的银河系中的存在可以通过位于地下深处的探测器中的原子核散射来检测到它们，以帮助拒绝由于宇宙射线而引起的背景。直接检测WIMP暗物质将解决粒子物理和宇宙学上的基本谜团，为了解宇宙的主要物质和物理学的主要物理学提供了独特的窗口，而不是粒子物理学的标准模型。该奖项支持在INFN Gran Sasso国家实验室（LNGS）地下实验室参与Xenon1T暗物质搜索计划的美国团体。Xenon项目继续吸引了公众的想象力。例如，几个电视节目，例如“大爆炸理论”，这有几次以氙气和结果为特色。通过谈判和外展活动鼓励对科学的公众兴趣。 Xenon1t将通过检测通过wimps或将其作为可行的暗物质候选者来解决暗物质难题中发挥重要作用。在解决这个基本的物理问题时，这些奖项将与许多本科生和研究生以及博士后研究人员联系，使他们接触到物理和宇宙学领域的各种科目，并在先进的技术中培训它们，从而准备成为该领域的未来领导者。最后，XENON使用的仪器和技术与广泛的应用相关，从国土安全和医学成像的领域到大型数据集的分析和统计处理。未来四年的计划将重点介绍Xenon1T实验及其科学数据分析的持续运行。 130位科学家的国际氙气合作继续由哥伦比亚大学的PI领导，由美国成员在实验管理及其科学计划中扮演的关键角色。 Xenon1t使用最大的液体氙时间投影室（TPC）建立的临时XE XE目标，对暗物质的最高敏感性弱相互作用的巨大颗粒（WIMPS），在40 GEV Wimps的水平为2×10^-47 cm^2的水平。该提议的资助，美国将继续在十年末直接寻找暗物质的直接搜索。

项目成果

Search for bosonic super-WIMP interactions with the XENON100 experiment

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.122002
• 发表时间: 2017-09
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: E. Aprile;J. Aalbers;F. Agostini;M. Alfonsi;L. Althueser;F. Amaro;M. Anthony;F. Arneodo;P. Barr

Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.111302
• 发表时间: 2018-09-12
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zhu, T.
• 通讯作者: Zhu, T.

Intrinsic backgrounds from Rn and Kr in the XENON100 experiment

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5565-y
• 发表时间: 2018-02-16
• 期刊: EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zhang, Y.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Y.

Constraining the Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Sections with XENON1T

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.141301
• 发表时间: 2019-04-08
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zopounidis, J. P.
• 通讯作者: Zopounidis, J. P.

The XENON1T dark matter experiment

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5326-3
• 发表时间: 2017-12-18
• 期刊: EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aprile, E.;Aalbers, J.;Zhang, Y.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Y.