CHS: Small: Collaborative Proposal: Understanding and Improving Implicit Coordination in Peer Production Networks

CHS：小型：协作提案：理解和改进对等生产网络中的隐式协调

• 批准号: 1717730
• 负责人: Deborah Gordon
• 金额: $ 15.2万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1717730&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CHS; Small; Collaborative; Proposal; Understanding

This research will apply knowledge about coordination mechanisms that was gained in biology to better understand and to improve coordination in peer production using information and communication technologies. Peer production has emerged as an important economic force. It produces knowledge infrastructure that underlies many aspects of educational and research institutions. Thus, ways of furthering peer production may have broad impacts on the infrastructure that supports invention, and in turn on the economy. More generally, collaborative editing is used in most industries that manage knowledge, and so progress on this front may have impacts in corporations, partnerships, non-profits, and government institutions. The research will not only seek an increased understanding of peer production but also will build tools and interfaces that seek to improve the collective creativity of online communities. Models, data sets, and accompanying simulations will be built for two purposes: as explicit forms of knowledge for reuse by other researchers, and as materials for education. The investigation will proceed through a set of observational studies and experiments, to explore how coordination mechanisms that have been discovered through studies in the field of biology may provide useful insights into human behavior. Recent studies have indicated that coordination in open source and peer production networks can be explained at least in part by stigmergy, a process discovered by biologists in which the traces of work become conditions or signals that generate more work. Peer production is described as being stigmergic because coordination often happens not through explicit planning conversations, but through interactions triggered by previous interactions, all centered on the primary technical artifact, some form of text or source code. The work will proceed in three phases: (1) performing studies that examine how interaction rates affect productivity in peer production networks such as Wikipedia; (2) applying dynamic models from mathematical biology to peer production, first through an observational study and then through an experiment, and (3) testing alternative interfaces for peer production and applying the findings to other collaborative editing environments.

这项研究将应用有关生物学中获得的协调机制的知识，以更好地理解和改善信息和通信技术的同伴生产协调。同伴生产已成为重要的经济力量。它产生了知识基础设施，这是教育和研究机构许多方面的基础。因此，促进同行生产的方式可能会对支持发明的基础设施和经济产生广泛的影响。更笼统地，在管理知识的大多数行业中都使用协作编辑，因此在这方面的进步可能会对公司，合作伙伴，非营利组织和政府机构产生影响。这项研究不仅将寻求对同伴生产的更多了解，而且还将建立工具和界面，以提高在线社区的集体创造力。模型，数据集和随附的模拟将用于两个目的：作为其他研究人员的明确形式的知识形式，作为教育材料。该研究将通过一系列观察性研究和实验进行，以探讨如何通过生物学领域的研究发现的协调机制可以为人类行为提供有用的见解。最近的研究表明，开源和同行生产网络中的协调至少可以部分用Stigmergy来解释，这是生物学家发现的过程，其中工作痕迹成为产生更多工作的条件或信号。 同伴生产被描述为污名化，因为协调通常不是通过明确的计划对话而发生的，而是通过先前互动触发的互动而发生的，这些相互作用都集中在主要技术伪像，某种形式的文本或源代码上。 这项工作将分为三个阶段：（1）进行研究，研究相互作用率如何影响Wikipedia等同伴生产网络的生产率； （2）首先通过观察性研究，然后通过实验将动态模型从数学生物学到同伴生产，然后通过实验，以及（3）测试替代界面以进行同伴生产，并将发现应用于其他协作编辑环境。