RAPID: Collaborative Research: Carbon and nutrient responses in an estuarine-coastal complex impacted by floodwaters from Hurricane Matthew

RAPID：合作研究：受飓风马修洪水影响的河口海岸复合体中的碳和营养物响应

• 批准号: 1705972
• 负责人: Hans Paerl
• 金额: $ 8.55万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-11-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1705972&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Carbon; nutrient

This project constitutes a rapid-response effort to investigate the effects of the extreme flooding event of Hurricane Matthew on coastal cycling of carbon and nutrient elements. The investigators aim to improve our understanding of how estuaries and coastal systems respond to extreme events by measuring carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus loading into the Neuse River Estuary-Pamlico Sound (NRE-PS) coastal ecosystem. The NRE-PS is the urgent study site to examine resulting effects of Hurricane Matthew on coastal environments because it is downstream of the most intense flooding that occurred, and it is located on the North Atlantic "hurricane track", likely to be impacted by future extreme events. Furthermore, it is the focus of a long-term monitoring program in that system, the Neuse River Estuary Modeling and Monitoring Program (ModMon), which was initiated in 1993. That date is significant because it preceded a recent rise in Atlantic tropical cyclone activity and has been able to capture the biogeochemical and ecological effects of major storms that have impacted the NC coast, including Hurricanes Fran (1996), Floyd (1999), Isabel (2003), and Irene (2011). Incorporating intensive sampling of the Hurricane Matthew flooding in the context of these ongoing observations will enable a comparison of the material fluxes into this coastal environment resulting from a major tropical storm and provide a comparison with other coastal environments. Outcomes of this work will be communicated widely via existing outreach efforts of each investigator's research programs to local and regional resource managers, regulators, and other stakeholders. Nutrient loading will be critical information for stakeholders because the Neuse Estuary is an EPA 303(d) listed waterway impaired for nitrogen. Project results can aid in understanding the effects of extreme weather events on ecosystem disturbances and inform coastal carbon flux estimates.Specific questions to be addressed in the context of this project include: 1) How do coastal carbon and nitrogen budgets respond to floodwaters from tropical storms and hurricanes? 2) What is the biological and photochemical reactivity of this material? The first question can be answered via a relatively short, yet intense, period of observations, such as is proposed here. The second question, which has potential teleconnections to climate in terms of carbon fluxes, food web responses, and other ecosystems processes, requires a longer duration study. However, Question 2 could be answered by further study of samples collected during a short and intense period of sampling proposed to answer Question 1. Work proposed in this project will result in estimates of fluxes and reservoirs of key constituents such as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC, POC, DON, PON), and N and P nutrients, as well as chlorophyll biomass and pigment analyses.

该项目构成了快速响应的努力，以研究马修飓风的极端洪水事件对碳和养分元素沿海循环的影响。研究人员的目的是通过测量碳，氮和磷载入到Neuse River河口河口 - 帕米洛声音（NRE-PS）沿海生态系统中对极端事件的反应。 NRE-PS是一个紧急研究地点，旨在检查马修飓风对沿海环境的影响，因为它是发生的最激烈洪水的下游，并且位于北大西洋的“飓风轨道”，可能受到未来极端事件的影响。此外，它是该系统中长期监控计划的重点，Neuse河河口建模和监测计划（Modmon）于1993年启动。该日期是重要的，因为它在最近大西洋热带气旋活动的近期增长之前，并且已经捕获了包括nc沿岸的大型风暴（包括1996年）的生物地球学和生态效应，包括nc的生物地球学和生态效应，包括199. 199. 1996年（包括nc）。 Isabel（2003）和Irene（2011）。在这些正在进行的观察结果的背景下，将飓风Matthew洪水泛滥的密集采样将使材料通量可以比较由主要热带风暴引起的沿海环境，并与其他沿海环境进行了比较。这项工作的成果将通过每个研究者的研究计划的现有外展工作对地方和地区资源经理，监管机构和其他利益相关者进行广泛传达。对于利益相关者来说，营养负荷将是关键信息，因为NEUSE河口是EPA 303（d）列出的氮气受损的水道。项目结果可以帮助理解极端天气事件对生态系统干扰的影响并告知沿海碳通量估算。在该项目的背景下要解决的特定问题包括：1）沿海碳和氮预算如何对来自热带风暴和飓风的洪水有何反应？ 2）该材料的生物学和光化学反应性是什么？第一个问题可以通过相对较短但强烈的观察期回答，例如这里提出的。第二个问题在碳通量，食物网反应和其他生态系统过程方面具有潜在的远程连接，需要更长的时间研究。 However, Question 2 could be answered by further study of samples collected during a short and intense period of sampling proposed to answer Question 1. Work proposed in this project will result in estimates of fluxes and reservoirs of key constituents such as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC, POC, DON, PON), and N and P nutrients, as well as叶绿素生物量和色素分析。

项目成果

Improvement in municipal wastewater treatment alters lake nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in populated regions

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920759117
• 发表时间: 2020-05-26
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Tong, Yindong;Wang, Mengzhu;Lin, Yan
• 通讯作者: Lin, Yan