Escaping the boom-bust cycle: Identifying sustainable governance strategies for shale-dependent communities

摆脱繁荣-萧条周期：为依赖页岩的社区确定可持续治理战略

• 批准号: 1658962
• 负责人: Gwen Arnold
• 金额: $ 20.87万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1658962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Escaping; boom; bust; cycle; Identifying; Escaping; boom; bust; cycle; Identifying

The project studies how communities affected by boom-bust cycles in natural resource extraction - specifically shale oil and gas drilling - try to reduce the cycle's local negative consequences and extend its positive impacts. In a boom-bust cycle, communities rich in natural resources experience rapid economic growth when demand spikes, then rapid economic decline when resources are exhausted or demand dissipates. Both trends are often accompanied by increases in crime, infrastructure damage, and environmental degradation, and reduced quality of life. There is little research on how communities use the tools of county and city-level governance - such as public investment, subsidies, taxes, and zoning - to manage societal problems linked to boom-bust cycles and perpetuate positive impacts, such as increases in local employment, after a boom ends. The project identifies governance strategies used by localities in three U.S. states (Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia) affected by the recent shale drilling boom and bust. It examines how community characteristics and local and regional networks of information and resource-sharing among policymaking participants may influence the strategies communities adopt. Finally, it studies how citizens and stakeholders perceive these strategies and which factors encourage communities to deploy more successful governance approaches. This project is a mixed-methods investigation of the strategies that local governments pursue to mitigate adverse impacts and leverage positive aspects of the shale drilling boom-bust cycle. By conducting interviews and analyzing survey data with social network and statistical techniques, the research team examines how Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia communities overlaying the Marcellus and Utica Shales have tried to manage the boom-bust cycle. Specifically, the researchers investigate: how pressures from citizens, stakeholders, and government actors affect whether cities and counties adopt boom-bust governance strategies, which strategies they choose, and how strategies diffuse among jurisdictions; whether systematic differences exist between jurisdictions that fail to consider a given approach, fail to adopt it, or adopt it successfully; and how the composition of and strength of ties within local governance networks influence the strategies jurisdictions adopt and how successful citizens, stakeholders, and decision makers view the strategies. The project brings a cross-sectional, quantitative approach to issues typically studied with qualitative, small-n techniques, building theoretical micro-foundations for and testing key assumptions in the policy diffusion and adoption, sustainability, and boom-bust literatures. The research aims to produce actionable insights for communities currently experiencing pernicious boom-bust effects.

该项目研究了自然资源提取中受繁荣障碍周期影响的社区如何尝试减少周期的局部负面后果并扩大其积极影响。在繁荣的周期中，富含自然资源的社区在需求峰值时会经历快速的经济增长，然后在资源耗尽或需求消散时经济快速下降。这两种趋势通常都伴随着犯罪，基础设施损害和环境下降以及生活质量降低的增加。关于社区如何使用县和城市层面治理工具的研究很少，例如公共投资，补贴，税收和分区 - 来管理与热潮周期有关的社会问题，并在繁荣的结束之后，诸如当地就业的增长等积极影响。该项目确定了由最近的页岩钻孔和胸围影响的美国三个州（俄亥俄州，宾夕法尼亚州俄亥俄州）所使用的治理策略。它研究了社区特征以及政策制定参与者之间信息和资源共享的本地和区域网络如何影响社区采用的策略。最后，它研究了公民和利益相关者如何看待这些策略，以及哪些因素鼓励社区部署更成功的治理方法。该项目是对地方政府追求的策略的混合方法调查，以减轻不利影响并利用页岩钻孔繁荣周期的积极方面。通过进行访谈并使用社交网络和统计技术分析调查数据，研究小组研究了俄亥俄州，宾夕法尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州社区如何覆盖Marcellus和Utica Shales的层次，试图管理Boom-Bust Bub-Bust周期。具体而言，研究人员调查了：公民，利益相关者和政府行为者的压力如何影响城市和县是否采用繁荣的治理策略，他们选择哪些策略以及策略如何在管辖区之间分散；是否存在未能考虑给定方法的司法管辖区之间存在系统的差异，无法采用它或成功采用它；以及地方治理网络中纽带的组成和力量如何影响司法管辖区采用的战略，以及成功的公民，利益相关者和决策者如何看待这些策略。该项目为通常使用定性的小型技术进行研究的问题带来了一种横截面的定量方法，为政策扩散和采用，可持续性和繁荣文献中的理论微观发现和测试。该研究旨在为当前经历有害繁荣效果的社区提供可行的见解。