Collaborative Research: Impacts of social context and ecology on strategic decisions in dynamic interactions

合作研究：社会背景和生态对动态互动中战略决策的影响

• 批准号: 1658867
• 负责人: Sarah Brosnan
• 金额: $ 41.53万
• 依托单位: Georgia State University Research Foundation, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1658867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Impacts; social; context; Collaborative; Research; Impacts; social; context

Understanding how individuals manage or fail to coordinate their behavior in social settings where coordination is beneficial is a fundamental objective of social science. To the extent such understanding informs our ability to promote or impede coordination it is also of great practical importance for improving the performance of teams or disrupting the performance of adversaries. Recent research has investigated the underpinnings of strategic interactions in social settings between humans using simple economic games drawn from game theory as models for human decision-making. Even more recently, these methods have been used to look at strategic behavior more broadly across primate species, allowing for inter-species comparisons. Much of this work, however, in both humans and other primates, has involved only pairs of individuals, whereas in the real world such decisions take place within the rapidly changing dynamics of larger social groups. The current research project will study the decisions made by two species of non-human primates, capuchin monkeys and chimpanzees, while they are interacting in their social groups. The research will focus on how these species solve coordination problems depending on the social context and ecological conditions in which the interactions occur. The research will also examine how human subjects behave in virtual environments matched to those in which the non-human primates have been studied. The research has two primary objectives. The first is to examine who participates and doesn't in situations where individuals can coordinate (or not) to acquire a reward, how participation varies with payoffs, and how it varies with changes in social context. Two species - chimpanzees and capuchins - are selected for this part of the study because there is evidence that both cooperate, exhibit variation in success in cooperating, and are available for study in sufficiently large social groups. The second aim is to use humans to examine the influence of ecological conditions and variation in such conditions on the manifestation of strategic behavior. Subjects will make decisions in a virtual environment with specific ecological conditions and in which benefits of cooperation or anti-cooperation can be varied. The characteristics of the virtual environment will match features of environments in which behavior of capuchins and chimpanzees has already been observed to enable interspecies comparison. This part of the study will shine light on the question of how important language is to humans' remarkable ability to come to pareto optimal solutions in social interactions

了解个人在协调是有益的社会环境中如何管理或无法协调其行为是社会科学的基本目标。在某种程度上，这种理解能够促进我们促进或阻碍协调的能力，对于提高团队的绩效或破坏对手的表现也非常重要。 最近的研究调查了人类之间的社会环境中战略互动的基础，该研究使用从游戏理论作为人类决策的模型中汲取的简单经济游戏。甚至最近，这些方法已被用来在灵长类动物物种之间更广泛地研究战略行为，从而可以进行种间比较。但是，在人类和其他灵长类动物中，这项工作的大部分仅涉及成对的个人，而在现实世界中，这种决定发生在较大的社会群体的快速变化的动态中。当前的研究项目将研究两种非人类灵长类动物，卷尾猴和黑猩猩的决定，同时他们在社交群体中进行互动。 该研究将重点介绍这些物种如何根据社会背景和相互作用的生态条件解决协调问题。该研究还将研究人类受试者在虚拟环境中的行为如何与已研究非人类灵长类动物的受试者相匹配。 该研究有两个主要目标。首先是检查谁参加，并且不在个人可以协调（或不）获得奖励的情况下，参与如何随回报而变化，以及它如何随社会环境的变化而变化。在研究的这一部分中选择了两个物种 - 黑猩猩和卷尾猴 - 因为有证据表明合作，在合作方面表现出差异，并且可以在足够大的社会群体中进行研究。第二个目的是利用人类检查这种条件下的生态条件和变异对战略行为表现的影响。受试者将在具有特定生态条件的虚拟环境中做出决策，其中可以改变合作或反合的好处。虚拟环境的特征将匹配环境的特征，在这种环境中，已经观察到卷尾胶和黑猩猩的行为可以实现种间比较。研究的这一部分将阐明语言对人类在社交互动中获得最佳解决方案的重要能力的重要性