Collaborative Research: Violence, Non-Violence and the Effects of Human Rights Laws

合作研究：暴力、非暴力和人权法的影响

• 批准号: 1627271
• 负责人: Geoffrey Wallace
• 金额: $ 6.74万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1627271&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Violence; Non; Effects

This project studies the relationship between human rights law, human rights violations, and public opinion. How do legal rules affect whether publics approve of human rights violations? To what extent does public opinion depend on whether opposition movements and governments use non-violent or violent tactics? The answers to these questions have important implications for our understanding of governance and the relationship between state and society. By studying these relationships, this project will have substantial intellectual, social, policy, and educational impacts. It will provide policy makers, practitioners, and the human rights community with a better understanding of the conditions under which human rights law can affect public opinion toward governments. The project results will aid the actors and institutions involved in the design, implementation, and advocacy for compliance with human rights law. The project will allow practitioners to better anticipate the impacts of violent crises and to determine the conditions under which legal institutions and legal rhetoric can be used more effectively to constrain governments and prevent additional violence.The project addresses these questions through the use of survey experiments. Although the fields of political science and law have developed important theories about the human rights abuses and their relationship to international law, these theories rely on untested assumptions about public opinion. We know very little about how publics respond to human rights abuses. In many situations, publics are opposed to such activities, but in certain contexts publics seem to favor these activities. The survey experiments will consist of randomly administered hypothetical fact patterns. We will conduct the surveys in several countries. These experimental tools will allow us to systematically assess the underlying causal relationships and causal mechanisms. We will identify the extent to which and the conditions under which violations of human rights law have causal effects on public opinion. In addition, the project will identify how law has such effects by systematically testing against each other the main pathways through which legal principles may affect public opinion.

该项目研究人权法，侵犯人权和舆论之间的关系。 法律规则如何影响公众是否赞成侵犯人权行为？ 公众舆论在多大程度上取决于反对派运动和政府是否使用非暴力或暴力策略？ 这些问题的答案对我们对治理以及国家与社会之间的关系具有重要意义。通过研究这些关系，该项目将具有实质性的智力，社会，政策和教育影响。它将为决策者，从业者和人权社区提供更好地理解人权法可能影响政府舆论的条件。该项目结果将有助于参与遵守人权法的设计，实施和倡导的参与者和机构。该项目将允许从业人员更好地预期暴力危机的影响，并确定可以更有效地使用法律机构和法律修辞的条件来限制政府并防止其他暴力。该项目通过使用调查实验来解决这些问题。 尽管政治学和法律领域已经开发了有关侵犯人权的重要理论及其与国际法的关系，但这些理论依赖于对公众舆论的未经测试的假设。 我们对公众如何应对侵犯人权的反应一无所知。 在许多情况下，公众反对此类活动，但在某些情况下，公众似乎有利于这些活动。 调查实验将包括随机管理的假设事实模式。 我们将在几个国家进行调查。 这些实验工具将使我们能够系统地评估潜在的因果关系和因果机制。 我们将确定侵犯人权法的程度和条件对公众舆论产生因果影响。 此外，该项目将通过系统地相互测试对法律原则可能影响公众舆论的主要途径来确定法律如何产生这种影响。