RAPID: Observations of carbon, water, and vegetation dynamics during and after the 2015/2016 El Nino drought to test models of climate-change induced Amazon forest 'dieback'

RAPID：对 2015/2016 年厄尔尼诺干旱期间和之后的碳、水和植被动态进行观测，以测试气候变化引起的亚马逊森林“枯死”模型

基本信息

批准号：
1622721
负责人：
Scott Saleska
金额：
$ 10.62万
依托单位：
University of Arizona
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-05-01 至 2017-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1622721&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Observations carbon water vegetation

项目摘要

Scientists are concerned that the great forests of the Amazon basin may be vulnerable to climate change. In the worst case, according to the predictions of some numerical models, climate change could cause large reductions in rainfall that could cause the collapse of Amazon forests. Critically needed to allow us to understand whether these models are realistic are observations of forest responses to real-world drought. This RAPID project will measure the amount of carbon dioxide from the air above the forest that is captured by the forest, along with measurements of tree growth and death during and after the unusually strong El Nino event that is now causing drought, high temperatures, and fires across the eastern region of the Amazon along the equator. The project will be carried out in collaboration with many Brazilian scientists and students who are also working at this location. Net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide, latent heat and sensible head will be made from the km67 eddy flux tower in the Tapajós forest near the city of Santarém, Brazil. This site has the longest combined eddy flux and forest tree dynamics record in an Amazon forest (starting in 2001). It is an ideal location for this work because it is in one of the most El Nino-sensitive areas of the South American Amazon. Results will provide much needed information about the ecological mechanisms that underlie the forest collapse models that have received so much recent attention.

科学家担心亚马逊盆地的大森林可能容易受到气候变化的影响。在最坏的情况下，根据某些数值模型的预测，气候变化可能会导致降雨量大幅下降，从而导致亚马逊森林的崩溃。至关重要的是让我们了解这些模型是否现实是对森林对现实世界干旱的反应的观察。这个快速的项目将测量森林捕获的森林上方的二氧化碳的数量，以及在目前正在引起干旱，高温和亚马逊东部地区沿方程式沿着方程式沿着方程式的较高温度和大火的森林捕获的二氧化碳量。该项目将与许多也在该地点工作的巴西科学家和学生合作进行。净生态系统交换二氧化碳，潜热和明智的头部将由巴西桑塔尔岛附近的塔帕霍斯森林的KM67涡流塔制成。该站点在亚马逊森林中拥有最长的涡流和森林树动力学记录（从2001年开始）。这是这项工作的理想场所，因为它位于南美亚马逊地区最敏感的地区之一。结果将提供有关森林崩溃模型的基础的生态机制的急需信息，这些模型受到了最近的关注。