Dynamics and Applications of Cell Quota Based Plant-Pathogen Interaction Models

基于细胞配额的植物-病原体相互作用模型的动力学和应用

• 批准号: 1615879
• 负责人: Yang Kuang
• 金额: $ 19.39万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1615879&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Applications; Cell; Quota; Based

Human activities are altering the influx of nutrient supplies to Earth's ecosystems. A recent study reveals that nutrient supply dramatically changed the prevalence and interaction strength between two plant viruses, barley yellow dwarf virus and cereal yellow dwarf virus. Since viruses hijack host cell machinery to replicate which requires nitrogen and phosphorus to synthesis nucleic acids and proteins, given more amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, one would expect to see higher numbers of virus replication. By studying and understanding the complex relationship between key nutrients and disease dynamics, we may help in planning and advising the future of agricultural practice. This project will also provide opportunities for undergraduates and graduate students in research and instructional environments; interdisciplinary training and professional development for graduate students; and broad dissemination of our results to a diverse range of mathematicians, modelers, ecologists and biomedical researchers. Our efforts will provide undergraduate and graduate students of diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds with first-hand educational experience in cross-disciplinary communication and exploration. All cells are made of chemical elements. Ecological stoichiometry (ES), is the study of the balance of chemical elements in ecological interactions. ES and the theory of evolution have been found to be crucial lenses through which one can view and understand the dynamics of populations and communities of microorganisms. ES covers multiple biological scales, and it allows the construction of robust, mechanistic, and predictive mathematical models based on cell nutrient levels. Within this theory, the utilization of energy and multiple chemical elements (especially carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) between organisms and their environment occupies a central position. However, the ES framework has yet to be effectively integrated into the modeling of host-pathogen interactions. This project seeks to identify the relationships of some key biological mechanisms to the rich dynamics often observed in simulating host (plant)-pathogen models incorporating nutrient quality and quantity in host and pathogen populations. These relationships may provide novel insights for better plant disease control. Specifically, we will construct mathematical models of host-pathogen interactions that are based on empirical discoveries. The models that the research team will investigate are novel both mathematically and computationally, as they will motivate challenging problems in areas of qualitative and computational studies of nonlinear differential equations and delay differential equations.

人类活动正在改变地球生态系统的养分供应。 最近的一项研究表明，养分供应极大地改变了两种植物病毒，大麦黄矮人病毒和谷物黄矮人病毒之间的患病率和相互作用强度。由于病毒劫持了宿主细胞机制以复制，因此需要氮和磷至合成核酸和蛋白质，鉴于更多量的氮和磷，因此人们希望看到更多的病毒复制。 通过研究和了解关键营养与疾病动态之间的复杂关系，我们可以帮助计划和建议农业实践的未来。 该项目还将为研究和教学环境中的大学生和研究生提供机会；研究生的跨学科培训和专业发展；并将我们的结果广泛传播给各种各样的数学家，建模者，生态学家和生物医学研究人员。 我们的努力将为各种种族/种族背景的本科生和研究生提供跨学科交流和探索方面的第一手教育经验。 所有细胞均由化学元素制成。生态化学计量学（ES）是对生态相互作用中化学元素平衡的研究。 ES和进化论已被发现是至关重要的镜片，人们可以通过它们可以查看和理解微生物种群和社区的动态。 ES涵盖了多个生物学量表，它允许基于细胞营养水平的稳健，机械和预测性数学模型的构建。 在该理论中，生物体与环境之间的能量和多种化学元素（尤其是碳，氮和磷）的利用占据了中心位置。 但是，ES框架尚未有效地集成到宿主 - 病原体相互作用的建模中。 该项目旨在确定某些关键生物学机制与在模拟宿主（植物） - 病因模型中经常观察到的丰富动态的关系，这些模型结合了宿主和病原体种群中的营养质量和数量。 这些关系可能会提供新的见解，以更好地控制植物性疾病。具体而言，我们将构建基于经验发现的宿主 - 病原体相互作用的数学模型。 研究团队将研究的模型在数学和计算上都是新颖的，因为它们将激发非线性微分方程定性和计算研究领域的具有挑战性的问题，并延迟微分方程。