Scalable Nanomanufacturing of Reconfigurable Photonic Crystals

可重构光子晶体的可扩展纳米制造

• 批准号: 1562861
• 负责人: Peng Jiang
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1562861&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scalable; Nanomanufacturing; Reconfigurable; Photonic; Crystals

The microelectronics revolution sparked by the invention and the very-large-scale integration of transistors has affected almost every aspect of our daily lives. As the 50-year-old Moore's law is approaching its limits, scientists are now turning to light as the information carrier. Unfortunately, our ability to control light in nanoscopic volumes is in many ways in its infancy, compared with how we can manipulate electrons. A new class of optical materials known as photonic crystals may hold the key to continued progress towards all-optical integrated circuits. However, traditional nanomanufacturing technologies for producing photonic crystals with three-dimensionally ordered nanostructures suffer from low throughput, small sample areas, and high cost. By integrating a simple, fast, and inexpensive colloidal self-assembly methodology with a new type of shape memory polymer, this project will explore a novel scalable nanomanufacturing approach for wafer-scale production of photonic crystals with reconfigurable optical properties. This interdisciplinary research will be closely integrated into curriculum development, new demonstration module design, and training of underrepresented high school and undergraduate students through a few successful programs at the university. Although various colloidal self-assembly technologies have been developed, most of these bottom-up approaches are only favorable for low volume, laboratory-scale production of photonic crystals. Moreover, self-assembled photonic crystals with fixed microstructures are only appropriate for fabricating passive nanooptical devices. Smart shape memory polymers that can memorize and recover their permanent shapes from structurally stable temporary sates are promising for developing active photonic crystal devices. Unfortunately, most of the existing shape memory polymers are thermoresponsive, and they suffer from heat-demanding shape memory cycles. The research team aims to conduct simultaneous experimental and theoretical investigations to address the key scientific and engineering barriers faced by the current colloidal self-assembly and shape memory polymer technologies. In-situ nanoscopic mechanical and mechanochromic tests, along with multiphysics mechanical finite element analysis simulations will facilitate the basic understanding of the unusual shape recovery mechanisms of the new type of shape memory polymer that enables unconventional all-room-temperature shape memory cycles. The stimuli-responsive microstructure-optical property relationship of the self-assembled photonic crystals will be elucidated by optical characterization and finite element optical simulations. Large-area macroporous polymer photonic crystals with optimal crystal structures and multiple memorizable optical states will be fabricated by the scalable bottom-up nanomanufacturing technology.

晶体管的发明和大规模集成引发的微电子革命几乎影响了我们日常生活的方方面面。随着已有 50 年历史的摩尔定律已接近其极限，科学家们现在开始将光作为信息载体。不幸的是，与我们操纵电子的方式相比，我们在纳米级体积内控制光的能力在很多方面还处于起步阶段。一种称为光子晶体的新型光学材料可能是全光集成电路持续进步的关键。然而，用于生产具有三维有序纳米结构的光子晶体的传统纳米制造技术存在产量低、样品面积小和成本高等问题。通过将简单、快速且廉价的胶体自组装方法与新型形状记忆聚合物相结合，该项目将探索一种新颖的可扩展纳米制造方法，用于晶圆级生产具有可重构光学特性的光子晶体。这项跨学科研究将通过大学的一些成功项目，与课程开发、新示范模块设计以及对代表性不足的高中生和本科生的培训紧密结合。 尽管已经开发了各种胶体自组装技术，但大多数自下而上的方法仅适用于光子晶体的小批量、实验室规模生产。此外，具有固定微观结构的自组装光子晶体仅适用于制造无源纳米光学器件。智能形状记忆聚合物可以记忆结构稳定的临时状态并恢复其永久形状，有望用于开发有源光子晶体器件。不幸的是，大多数现有的形状记忆聚合物都是热响应性的，并且它们会遭受对热量要求较高的形状记忆循环的影响。研究团队旨在同时进行实验和理论研究，以解决当前胶体自组装和形状记忆聚合物技术面临的关键科学和工程障碍。原位纳米机械和力致变色测试以及多物理场机械有限元分析模拟将有助于对新型形状记忆聚合物的不寻常形状恢复机制的基本了解，这种聚合物能够实现非常规的全室温形状记忆循环。自组装光子晶体的刺激响应微结构-光学特性关系将通过光学表征和有限元光学模拟来阐明。通过可扩展的自下而上的纳米制造技术，将制造具有最佳晶体结构和多个可记忆光学状态的大面积大孔聚合物光子晶体。