CAREER: An integrative genomic and biodemographic analysis of prehistoric human-environment interactions in an island ecosystem, with bioinformatics capacity development

职业：对岛屿生态系统中史前人类与环境相互作用进行综合基因组和生物人口统计学分析，并发展生物信息学能力

• 批准号: 1554834
• 负责人: George Perry
• 金额: $ 46.51万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1554834&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; integrative; genomic; biodemographic; analysis

This CAREER project will apply new biological and computer science methods to study recent changes in the population sizes of humans, domesticated agricultural species, and endangered native animals all living in the same habitat. The results will help us understand how human population growth affects natural populations of wild species, and the complex interactions among people, domesticated animals, and the environment. The study will advance science through the development of new genomic methods and computational "big data" analyses (bioinformatics) for analyzing genomic data. These methods will initially be applied to a study of people, their cattle, and two endangered lemur species in Madagascar, which is an ideal site because humans first arrived to the island relatively recently (several thousand years ago). Research on human-environment interactions in other regions of the world, including North America where human-environment interaction started earlier, will also benefit from these methods. The educational component of the project will involve the annual delivery of bioinformatics training workshops to diverse audiences; participating students will develop biological and computer science skills that separately and together will have wide scientific and industrial training applicability.The scientific aims of this proposal include reconstructing high-resolution demographic histories for Malagasy people, their commensal domesticated cattle, and two widely-distributed endemic lemur species, all with temporal resolution relevant to the recent timeline of human history on the island. These results, made possible by the application of novel population genomic methods developed by the principal investigator, will be compared to each other and to available paleoclimate data to develop an integrated empirical model of the history of anthropogenic effects on Madagascar's biodiversity. Madagascar is an important island for studying the processes and consequences of human-environment interaction. The people of Madagascar have an interesting history because of their relatively recent arrival to the island, their mixed Austronesian and African ancestry, and because of their relationship to one of the world's most biologically diverse, endemic and threatened ecologies. This work will empirically transform our understanding of the history of anthropogenic effects on Madagascar's biodiversity and establish an integrative research framework for application to other regions of the world where Holocene resource use intensification and human-environment interaction are likewise topics of major interest. A centerpiece of the educational component of this project is the annual delivery of interactive-style bioinformatics training workshops that build on the integration of biological and computational science that is central to the research. The most advanced workshop will be integrated with the project's scientific aims through ?hackathon?-style development of computational tools for analyses of the genomic data generated in this study. Joint funding for this project is provided by the National Science Foundation's Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE).

该职业项目将采用新的生物学和计算机科学方法来研究人类，驯化的农业物种和濒临灭绝的本地动物的最新变化，均生活在同一栖息地。结果将有助于我们了解人口增长如何影响野生物种的自然种群，以及人，驯养的动物和环境之间的复杂相互作用。这项研究将通过开发新的基因组方法和计算“大数据”分析（生物信息学）来推进科学，以分析基因组数据。这些方法最初将应用于马达加斯加的人，他们的牛和两种濒临灭绝的狐猴物种的研究，这是一个理想的地点，因为人类最初是最近（几千年前）到达岛上的。关于世界其他地区的人类环境相互作用的研究，包括北美人类环境相互作用早些时候开始的北美，也将从这些方法中受益。该项目的教育部分将涉及每年向不同受众的生物信息学培训研讨会；参与的学生将开发生物学和计算机科学技能，这些技能将分别具有广泛的科学和工业培训适用性。该提案的科学目标包括重建针对马拉加那人的高分辨率人口统计学历史，共同驯养的牛，以及两种广泛分布的地方性欺骗物种，以及与最近在人类岛上的临时分辨率相关的临时分辨率。通过主要研究者开发的新种群基因组方法的应用，这些结果将彼此进行比较，并与可用的古气候数据进行比较，以开发人为影响马达加斯加生物多样性的综合经验模型。马达加斯加是研究人类环境相互作用的过程和后果的重要岛屿。马达加斯加的人民有一个有趣的历史，因为他们最近到达了岛上，混合的奥地利语和非洲血统，以及与世界上生物学上最多样化，流行和威胁性生态的关系之一。这项工作将从经验上改变我们对人为影响对马达加斯加生物多样性的历史的理解，并为全新的其他地区建立一个综合研究框架，在该地区将全新世资源使用强化和人类环境互动也是主要利益的主题。该项目的教育部分的核心是互动风格的生物信息学培训研讨会的年度提供，这些培训研讨会是建立在研究至关重要的生物学和计算科学基础上的。最先进的研讨会将通过“黑客马拉松”（Hackathon）的科学目的集成，以开发计算工具，以分析本研究中生成的基因组数据。该项目的联合资金由国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室（OISE）提供。