Collaborative research: Understanding the effects of acidification and hypoxia within and across generations in a coastal marine fish

合作研究：了解酸化和缺氧对沿海海洋鱼类代内和代际之间的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1536336
负责人：
Janet Nye
金额：
$ 11.82万
依托单位：
SUNY at Stony Brook
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-12-01 至 2020-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1536336&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative research Understanding effects acidification

项目摘要

Coastal marine ecosystems provide a number of important services and resources for humans, and at the same time, coastal waters are subject to environmental stressors such as increases in ocean acidification and reductions in dissolved oxygen. The effects of these stressors on coastal marine organisms remain poorly understood because most research to date has examined the sensitivity of species to one factor, but not to more than one in combination. This project will determine how a model fish species, the Atlantic silverside, will respond to observed and predicted levels of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2). Shorter-term experiments will measure embryo and larval survival, growth, and metabolism, and determine whether parents experiencing stressful conditions produce more robust offspring. Longer-term experiments will study the consequences of ocean acidification over the entire life span by quantifying the effects of high-CO2 conditions on the ratio of males to females, lifetime growth, and reproductive investment. These studies will provide a more comprehensive view of how multiple stressors may impact populations of Atlantic silversides and potentially other important forage fish species. This collaborative project will support and train three graduate students at the University of Connecticut and the Stony Brook University (NY), two institutions that attract students from minority groups. It will also provide a variety of opportunities for undergraduates to participate in research and the public to learn about the study, through summer research projects, incorporation in the "Women in Science and Engineering" program, and interactive displays of environmental data from monitoring buoys. The two early-career investigators are committed to increasing ocean literacy and awareness of NSF-funded research through public talks and presentations. This project responds to the recognized need for multi-stressor assessments of species sensitivities to anthropogenic environmental change. It will combine environmental monitoring with advanced experimental approaches to characterize early and whole life consequences of acidification and hypoxia in the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), a valued model species and important forage fish along most of the US east coast. Experiments will employ a newly constructed, computer-controlled fish rearing system to allow independent and combined manipulation of seawater pCO2 and dissolved oxygen (DO) content and the application of static and fluctuating pCO2 and DO levels that were chosen to represent contemporary and potential future scenarios in productive coastal habitats. First CO2, DO, and CO2 × DO dependent reaction norms will be quantified for fitness-relevant early life history (ELH) traits including pre- and post-hatch survival, time to hatch, post-hatch growth, by rearing offspring collected from wild adults from fertilization to 20 days post hatch (dph) using a full factorial design of 3 CO2 × 3 DO levels. Second, the effects of tidal and diel CO2 × DO fluctuations of different amplitudes on silverside ELH traits will be quantified. To address knowledge gaps regarding the CO2-sensitivity in this species, laboratory manipulations of adult spawner environments and reciprocal offspring exposure experiments will elucidate the role of transgenerational plasticity as a potential short-term mechanism to cope with changing environments. To better understand the mechanisms of fish early life CO2-sensitivity, the effects of temperature × CO2 on pre- and post-hatch metabolism will be robustly quantified. The final objective is to rear silversides from fertilization to maturity under different CO2 levels and assess potential CO2-effects on sex ratio and whole life growth and fecundity.

沿海海洋生态系统为人类提供了许多重要的服务和资源，同时，沿海水域受到海洋酸化加剧和溶解氧减少等环境压力的影响，这些压力对沿海海洋生物的影响仍然很弱。之所以能够理解，是因为迄今为止大多数研究都检查了物种对一种因素的敏感性，而不是对多种因素的组合。该项目将确定模型鱼类（大西洋银鳅）如何对观测到的和预测的溶解二氧化碳水平做出反应。 (CO2) 和氧气(O2)。短期实验将测量胚胎和幼虫的存活、生长和新陈代谢，并确定经历压力条件的父母是否会产生更强壮的后代。长期实验将通过量化来研究海洋酸化对整个生命周期的影响。高二氧化碳条件对雄性与雌性比例、一生生长和繁殖投资的影响将更全面地了解多种压力因素如何影响大西洋银鱼和其他潜在的重要饲料鱼种。项目将支持和培训三名康涅狄格大学和石溪大学（纽约州）这两所吸引少数族裔学生的院校还将在暑期为本科生提供各种参与研究和公众了解研究的机会。研究项目、纳入“科学与工程中的女性”计划以及监测浮标环境数据的交互式显示这两位早期职业研究人员致力于通过公开演讲和演讲提高海洋知识和对国家科学基金会资助的研究的认识。该项目响应了公认的需要对物种对人为环境变化的敏感性进行多压力源评估它将环境监测与先进的实验方法结合起来，以表征大西洋银鳅（Menidia menidia）的早期和整个生命的酸化和缺氧后果，银鳅是一种有价值的模式物种和重要的饲料。美国东海岸大部分地区的鱼类实验将采用新建造的计算机控制的鱼类饲养系统，以独立和组合地控制海水 pCO2 和溶解氧 (DO) 含量，并应用静态和静态技术。选择代表生产性沿海栖息地当前和潜在的未来情景的波动的 pCO2 和 DO 水平，将量化与健康相关的早期生命史 (ELH) 特征，包括出生前和出生前的特征。孵化后存活率、孵化时间、孵化后生长，通过使用 3 CO2 × 3 DO 的全析因设计饲养从受精到孵化后 20 天 (dph) 的野生成虫收集的后代其次，不同幅度的潮汐和昼夜 CO2 × DO 波动对银边 ELH 性状的影响将被量化。阐明跨代可塑性作为应对环境变化的潜在短期机制的作用，以更好地了解鱼类早期生命二氧化碳敏感性的机制、温度的影响×。最终目标是在不同的二氧化碳水平下培育银鳀从受精到成熟的过程，并评估二氧化碳对性别比例和整个生命生长和繁殖力的潜在影响。