CPS: Breakthrough: An Entropy Framework for Communications and Dynamics Interdependency in Cyber Physical Systems: Analysis, Design and Implementation

CPS：突破：网络物理系统中通信和动力学相互依赖性的熵框架：分析、设计和实现

• 批准号: 1543830
• 负责人: Husheng Li
• 金额: $ 39.54万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1543830&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Breakthrough; Entropy; Framework; Communications

Many practical systems such as smart grid, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and robotic networks can be categorized as cyber physical systems (CPS). A typical CPS consists of physical dynamics, sensors, communication network and controllers. The communication network is of key importance in CPS, since it mimics the nerve system in the human body. Hence, it is critical to study how the communication network in CPS should be analyzed and designed. Essentially, communications stem from the uncertainty of system under consideration; random perturbations increase the system uncertainty, which is reduced by the control actions in CPS. It is well known that entropy is a measure of system uncertainty. A unified framework of entropy is used for CPS, in which random perturbations create entropy while communications and controls provide negative entropy to compensate the entropy generation. The intellectual merits are the novel framework of entropy for bridging the communications and control in CPS and the new design criterion based on the entropy of system state for CPS. The project's broader significance and importance are the education of various levels of students, the dissemination of results to public, and the impact on everyday life such as the improved agility and robustness of power grids.This project applies the framework of entropy to study the interdependencies of communications and control, thus facilitating the analysis and design of communications in CPS. The following tasks are tackled in the project: (a) Entropy Flow Based Communication Capacity Analysis in which communications in CPS is analyzed by studying the entropy fields in the physical dynamics, thus providing an estimation on the scale (bits/second) of communication capacity budget; (b) Communication Network Topology Design in which the design of the network topology (either physical or logical) is tackled through both optimization-based or heuristic approaches; (c) Online Network Resource Scheduling which refines the network resource scheduling during the operation using both optimization-based and heuristic approaches, within the framework of entropy fields; (d) Hardware Emulation Testbed which delivers a co-simulation testbed based on real time digital power simulator (RTDS) and a communication simulator, in the context of smart grids. Based on the research, new courses are developed. K-12 outreach and various levels of undergraduate/graduate educations are incorporated into the research.

许多实用系统，例如智能电网、无人机（UAV）和机器人网络，都可以归类为网络物理系统（CPS）。典型的 CPS 由物理动力学、传感器、通信网络和控制器组成。通信网络在 CPS 中至关重要，因为它模仿人体的神经系统。因此，研究如何分析和设计CPS中的通信网络至关重要。从本质上讲，通信源于所考虑系统的不确定性；随机扰动增加了系统的不确定性，而 CPS 中的控制行为则降低了系统的不确定性。众所周知，熵是系统不确定性的度量。 CPS 使用统一的熵框架，其中随机扰动产生熵，而通信和控制提供负熵来补偿熵的产生。其智力优点是用于桥接CPS中的通信和控制的新颖的熵框架以及基于系统状态熵的CPS的新设计准则。该项目更广泛的意义和重要性在于对各级学生的教育、向公众传播成果以及对日常生活的影响，例如提高电网的敏捷性和鲁棒性。该项目应用熵的框架来研究相互依赖性通信和控制，从而促进CPS中通信的分析和设计。该项目要解决以下任务： (a) 基于熵流的通信容量分析，通过研究物理动力学中的熵场来分析 CPS 中的通信，从而提供对通信容量规模（比特/秒）的估计预算; (b) 通信网络拓扑设计，其中通过基于优化或启发式方法来解决网络拓扑（物理或逻辑）的设计； (c) 在线网络资源调度，在熵场框架内使用基于优化和启发式的方法细化运行期间的网络资源调度； (d) 硬件仿真测试台，在智能电网的背景下提供基于实时数字功率模拟器（RTDS）和通信模拟器的协同仿真测试台。在研究的基础上，开发新课程。 K-12 的推广和各个级别的本科/研究生教育都纳入了研究中。