Collaborative Research: Contentious Land Change in the Eastern Amazon

合作研究：亚马逊东部有争议的土地变化

• 批准号: 1541489
• 负责人: Cynthia Simmons
• 金额: $ 0.36万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1541489&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Contentious; Land; Change

Land-change research has identified a number of factors that influence deforestation and forest fragmentation, including fiscal incentives, infrastructure development, migration, and household processes. This research project will expand the explanatory power of land-change research by considering a factor that has not been adequately studied, namely social processes stemming from unequal access to land resources. The project's investigators will broaden the concept of land-change agency or responsibility, often deployed uncritically in land-change research, by considering social actions and reactions occurring over decadal time periods and by actors who do not always behave in economically "rational" ways. The researchers will develop a comprehensive perspective on land change for southeastern Para state of northern Brazil, a laboratory and battleground for myriad Amazonian development initiatives. To characterize land change between 1984 and 2010, including deforestation, reforestation, and forest patch dynamics, the researchers will employ remote sensing and landscape ecology techniques. To examine the social process aspects of land change, especially contention over land, they will conduct a thorough news media analysis covering more than 5,000 news accounts of conflict. They will complement this archival research with field interviews and intensive case-studies involving at least five landowners and many local key informants. By mixing field interviews with remote sensing and landscape ecology, the researchers will treat Amazonian land change as an integrated system of processes, not just a singular process of deforestation driven by "rational" economic decisions. The investigators expect to find that properties that play host to contention displayed greater overall deforestation and increased (or different) forest fragmentation patterns than for properties that were not contested. The researchers will seek to ascertain whether contention has led to a forest structure shift, creating a more complex forest landscape with negative implications for the region's ecology.This project will reframe land change in the study area as a process occurring within a context of social contention, and it will shed light on how social processes and multiple, sometimes simultaneous, land managers affect land change. The project will help extend accepted theories and perspectives in land-change science, specifically responding to recent calls for opening behavior-based explanations of land change to the influences of social processes and power relations. By evaluating the environmental implications of land conflict, the project will shed light on how conflict could affect the contribution of tropical deforestation to global climate change. It will provide new perspectives for evaluating initiatives to reduce deforestation via the UN's REDD program and have policy relevance in many other nations. By adopting an active learning paradigm, students will study complex issues of societal import in all their "real world" messiness in undergraduate courses in the U.S. and Brazil.

土地变化研究已经确定了许多影响森林砍伐和森林破碎化的因素，包括财政激励措施，基础设施发展，移民和家庭过程。 该研究项目将通过考虑尚未得到充分研究的因素，即由于无法获得土地资源而导致的社会过程，扩大了土地变化研究的解释能力。 该项目的调查人员将通过考虑在衰老时期内发生的社会行为和反应，以及那些不总是以经济上“理性的”方式行事的行为者，扩大了经常在土地变化研究中进行地批判性的土地或责任的概念。 研究人员将对巴西北部帕拉州的土地变化有一个全面的看法，这是亚马逊发展计划的实验室和战场。 为了表征1984年至2010年之间土地变化的特征，包括森林砍伐，森林森林森林动态，研究人员将采用遥感和景观生态技术。 为了研究土地变化的社会过程方面，尤其是对土地的争论，他们将进行全面的新闻媒体分析，涵盖5,000多个有关冲突的新闻报道。 他们将通过现场访谈和密集的案例研究来补充这项档案研究，其中涉及至少五名土地所有者和许多当地的关键线人。 通过将现场访谈与遥感和景观生态学相结合，研究人员将把亚马逊的土地变化视为一种综合过程，而不仅仅是由“理性”经济决策驱动的森林砍伐过程。调查人员希望发现，与未竞争的属性相比，与未竞争的属性相比，主持人的特性显示出更大的总体森林砍伐和增加（或不同的）森林破碎模式。 研究人员将寻求确定争论是否导致了森林结构的转移，创造了更复杂的森林景观，对该地区的生态产生了负面影响。该项目将随着在社会竞争的背景下发生的过程，将重新构架研究区域的土地变化，并且它将阐明社会过程和多个，有时和综合，有时同时，陆地管理者会影响土地的变化。 该项目将有助于扩展土地变化科学的公认理论和观点，特别是对最近呼吁开放基于行为的土地变化解释对社会过程和权力关系的影响的呼吁。 通过评估土地冲突的环境影响，该项目将揭示冲突如何影响热带森林砍伐对全球气候变化的贡献。 它将提供新的观点，用于评估通过联合国REDD计划减少森林砍伐的计划，并在许多其他国家都具有政策相关性。 通过采用积极的学习范式，学生将研究在美国和巴西本科课程中所有“现实世界”中的社会进口问题。