IDBR : TYPE B Development of a Laser Based Benchtop Radiocarbon Analyzer

IDBR：B 型激光台式放射性碳分析仪的开发

• 批准号: 1454918
• 负责人: Daniel Murnick
• 金额: $ 70.34万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1454918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDBR; TYPE; Development; Laser; Based

An award is made to Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in Newark for the Development of a Laser Based Benchtop Radiocarbon Analyzer, a system to be used for the detection of very small quantities of Carbon 14. Broader impacts of the instrument development project are varied and span many areas: drug metabolism analysis, carbon dating, and environmental monitoring are particularly important. In the pharmaceutical area, microdosing methodology where non-therapeutic trace doses of labeled drugs are used to safely obtain pharmacokinetic information on new drugs will benefit from the developed instrument which will lower costs, speed up drug trials and make new drugs safer. For environmental monitoring, because the analyzer can accommodate a continuous flow of carbon dioxide, continuous air or soil gas monitoring heretofore impossible will become feasible and allow more robust monitoring of fossil fuel carbon in the biosphere. Important to the instrument development project is outreach to a broad user community and to potential commercial partners. Using methodology learned in the NSF I-CORPS program this bridging development project will expedite commercialization of the instrument via private sector manufacturing, sales and service. The highly diverse student body at Rutgers in Newark will be exposed to the project which may influence their career decisions; and qualified students will participate in development projects. Technology transfer success will benefit the wider scientific enterprise by illustrating the value of fundamental physical research in solving societal problems. Government and private sector funding will be sought for technology transfer and broad scale commercialization.The use of Radiocarbon or Carbon 14 (C-14) as a tracer is very widely accepted in many areas of science. Because it is a "natural" label of living systems it is often used for carbon dating of once living samples and also for tracing carbon in the atmosphere/biosphere system. Labeling with 14C is especially important in drug development and environmental studies as well as in basic research associated with metabolism. Traditional instrument systems to quantify C-14 still depend on the detection of a nuclear decay event, a highly inefficient process which requires the use of either high levels of radioactivity, large samples, long counting times, or some combination of each. Greatly enhanced sensitivity, now only possible with large centralized particle accelerator technology, is necessary for low dose and small sample tracer studies, for long-term metabolic studies, for drug dissemination studies and for environmental monitoring. The laser-based instrument to be developed in this project can provide the required high sensitivity, with the simplicity of radiation counting, in a benchtop analyzer capable of being used by a laboratory technician. Such high sensitivity will reduce the costs associated with drug metabolism studies and allow human tracer testing with little radiation exposure. Engineering, algorithm and calibration simplification will improve the precision and throughput allowing the widespread use and commercialization of the technology.

纽瓦克州新泽西州立大学的Rutgers颁发了奖励，以开发激光台式放射性碳分析仪，该系统可用于检测少量碳14的系统。仪器开发项目的更广泛的影响和许多领域的更广泛的影响是多样的：跨度：药物代理分析，碳含量分析，碳调节和环境监视，尤其是重要的。在药品区域，使用非治疗性痕量的标记药物的微剂量方法可安全地获取有关新药的药代动力学信息，这将受益于开发的仪器，该仪器将降低成本，加快药物试验并使新药更安全。对于环境监测，由于分析仪可以容纳二氧化碳的连续流动，因此不可能的持续空气或土壤气体监测将变得可行，并允许对生物圈中对化石燃料碳的更强大的监测。对于仪器开发项目而言，重要的是向广泛的用户社区和潜在的商业合作伙伴推广。使用在NSF I-Corps计划中学到的方法，该桥接开发项目将通过私营部门制造，销售和服务加快该工具的商业化。纽瓦克（Newark）罗格斯（Rutgers）的高度多样化的学生团体将暴露于该项目，这可能会影响他们的职业决定；合格的学生将参加开发项目。技术转移成功将通过说明解决社会问题的基本物理研究的价值来使更广泛的科学企业受益。将寻求政府和私营部门的资金来进行技术转让和广泛的商业化。在许多科学领域，将放射性碳或碳14（C-14）作为示踪剂的使用被广泛接受。由于它是生存系统的“天然”标签，因此通常用于曾经的生存样品的碳日期，也用于在大气/生物圈系统中追踪碳。用14C进行标记在药物开发和环境研究以及与代谢相关的基础研究中尤为重要。量化C-14的传统仪器系统仍然取决于核衰减事件的检测，这是一个高效效率的过程，需要使用高水平的放射性，大样本，较长的计数时间或每个组合的组合。 对于低剂量和小样品示踪剂研究，对于长期代谢研究，对于药物传播研究和环境监测而言，仅使用大型集中粒子加速器技术，仅使用大型集中粒子加速器技术才能大大提高灵敏度。在本项目中要开发的基于激光器的仪器可以提供所需的高灵敏度，并具有辐射计数的简单性，在能够由实验室技术人员使用的台式分析仪中。如此高的灵敏度将降低与药物代谢研究相关的成本，并允许在辐射暴露的情况下进行人类示踪剂测试。工程，算法和校准简化将提高精度和吞吐量，从而可以广泛使用和商业化技术。