MRI: Development of Carbon 14 Analyzer

MRI：碳 14 分析仪的开发

• 批准号: 0922872
• 负责人: Daniel Murnick
• 金额: $ 74.12万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0922872&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Carbon; 14; Analyzer

Carbon 14 (14C) exists in the biosphere with an abundance of about 1 part per trillion relative to carbon 12, and decays with a half-life of 5730 years thus providing a tag for carbon dating. In addition, compounds labeled with 14C are routinely used to trace metabolism in physiology research. In atmospheric science, small changes in 14C content can monitor how much carbon dioxide is being released into the atmosphere from fossil fuel burning. Sensitive measurement of 14C now requires the use of large dedicated and expensive particle accelerators. In this project, a new laser based ultra-sensitive 14C detection instrument for routine quantitation of 14C will be developed. The resulting system will be easy to operate and allow the use of extremely small (of order 0.1 mg) samples. Users of the first instruments will come from three broad areas: environmental monitoring, physiology studies, and small sample analysis, all of which require the unique capabilities of the system. The project uses a new ultra-sensitive laser based analytical technique, intracavity optogalvanic spectroscopy (ICOGS), which enables the detection of 14C labeled carbon dioxide. Three major development goals are planned: optimization of the laser system; preparation of sample handling and introduction protocols; and development of calibration and standards methodology and equipment. Two instruments with a common technology will be built- a high sensitivity device for small sample and environmental monitoring and a lower sensitivity device for routine analysis of organic and biological samples labeled with 14C tracers. Successful completion of the project will make available laboratory size, user-friendly instruments for highly sensitive measurements of 14C in biological and environmental samples. It will also greatly expand the range of measurements possible and increase the size of the user community. Because the instrument can accommodate continuous flow of carbon dioxide, real-time atmospheric monitoring is also possible. A major outcome of the instrument development program will be technology transfer to both a broad user community from industry, government and academia; as well as to potential commercial suppliers. Results obtained will be submitted to interdisciplinary scientific journals and at regional and national meetings.

碳14（14C）存在于生物圈中，相对于碳12，其丰度约为每万亿美元，并以5730年的半衰期衰减，从而为碳日期提供了标签。 此外，标记为14C的化合物通常用于追踪生理学研究中的代谢。在大气科学中，14C含量的小变化可以监测化石燃料燃烧的二氧化碳多少。现在，敏感的测量14C需要使用大型专用且昂贵的粒子加速器。 在该项目中，将开发一种新的基于激光的超敏感14C检测仪器，用于常规定量14C。所得系统将易于操作，并允许使用极小的（0.1 mg）样品。第一批工具的用户将来自三个广泛的领域：环境监测，生理研究和小样本分析，所有这些都需要系统的独特功能。 该项目使用了新的基于超敏感激光的分析技术，腔内光核光谱（ICOG），可检测14C标记为二氧化碳的碳。计划了三个主要的发展目标：激光系统的优化；准备样品处理和介绍协议；以及校准和标准方法和设备的开发。 将建立两种具有通用技术的仪器 - 用于小样本和环境监测的高灵敏度设备，以及一种较低的灵敏度设备，用于常规分析用14C示踪剂标记的有机和生物样品。 该项目的成功完成将提供实验室规模，用户友好的仪器，用于在生物和环境样品中高度敏感的14C测量。 它还将大大扩大可能的测量范围，并增加用户社区的规模。 由于该仪器可以容纳二氧化碳的连续流动，因此也可以实时大气监测。仪器开发计划的主要结果将是技术转移到行业，政府和学术界的广泛用户社区；以及潜在的商业供应商。 获得的结果将提交跨学科的科学期刊以及区域和国家会议。