CAREER: Liquid-drop impacts on granular surfaces and the universality in granular impact cratering

职业：液滴对颗粒表面的撞击以及颗粒撞击坑的普遍性

• 批准号: 1452180
• 负责人: Xiang Cheng
• 金额: $ 46.87万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2021-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1452180&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Liquid; drop; impacts; granular

Non-Technical AbstractGranular impact cratering by liquid drops is likely familiar to all of us who have watched raindrops splashing in a backyard or on a beach. Such a ubiquitous phenomenon is directly relevant to many important natural, agricultural and industrial processes such as soil erosion, drip irrigation, dispersion of micro-organisms in soil, and spray-coating of particles and powders. It is even more surprising that granular impact cratering by liquid drops and asteroid impact cratering on planetary bodies show quantitatively similar features in terms of the energy scaling and the shape of impact craters. The present project investigates the fast dynamics of impinging liquid drops and impacted granular particles during impact events, which are then used to develop a quantitative model for describing the morphology of raindrop imprints in granular media. The project also aims to reveal universal features of granular impact cratering and search the link between different granular cratering processes including solid-sphere impact cratering, liquid-drop impact cratering, asteroid impact cratering and explosion cratering. To probe the fast impact dynamics, students working on the project are trained in the state-of-the-art high-speed and radiological imaging techniques. The project can provide practical guides to various activities in environmental protection and industry involving liquid-drop impacts on granular surfaces.Technical AbstractDirectly related to two long-standing problems in soft matter research, i.e., drop impact on solid/liquid surfaces and granular impact cratering by solid spheres, liquid drop impact on granular surfaces is notoriously complicated. The objective of the project is to investigate the dynamics of liquid-drop impact on granular surfaces and explore universal features of granular impact cratering across widely different energy scales. Combining high-speed photography with advanced radiological imaging techniques, the study aims to uncover the detailed dynamics of liquid-drop impact in granular media and provide a quantitative model for predicting of the outcome of liquid-drop impact events. The experimental techniques and physical insights developed in the research are considerably useful for solving difficult problems faced in the study of drop impact dynamics and granular impact cratering in much broader contexts. Moreover, the study helps to illustrate universal features in granular impact cratering and may open up a new way to probe high-energy granular impact cratering associated with asteroid strikes. The study can also potentially benefit soil science research on soil erosion, astrophysical research on asteroid strikes and geological research on primordial rain activities.

我们所有人都在后院或海滩上观看雨滴溅到的我们所有人都可能熟悉非技术抽象的影响。这种无处不在的现象与许多重要的自然，农业和工业过程直接相关，例如土壤侵蚀，滴灌，土壤中微生物的分散以及颗粒和粉末的喷涂。更令人惊讶的是，液体滴和小行星冲击在行星体上遍布的颗粒状冲击遍布围墙，在能量缩放和撞击壁炉的形状方面显示出数量上相似的特征。本项目研究了影响事件期间撞击液滴和影响颗粒颗粒的快速动态，然后将其用于开发一种定量模型，以描述颗粒培养基中雨滴烙印的形态。 该项目还旨在揭示颗粒状冲击壁痕迹的普遍特征，并搜索不同的颗粒壁缝隙过程之间的联系，包括固体球撞击壁孔，液体滴注冲击壁板，小行星撞击壁板和爆炸缝合。为了探究快速影响动态，从事该项目的学生接受了最先进的高速和放射学成像技术的培训。该项目可以为环境保护和行业的各种活动提供实用指南，这些活动涉及液体滴射对颗粒表面的影响。技术抽象直接直接与软物质研究中的两个长期存在的问题有关，即对固体/液体表面的落下影响以及固体球对固体球的影响，固体球对固体球的影响，液态滴对粒状反应对粒度对比不存在。该项目的目的是研究液体抽吸对颗粒表面的动力学，并探索跨广泛不同能量尺度的颗粒状冲击的普遍特征。该研究将高速摄影与先进的放射学成像技术相结合，旨在揭示粒状培养基中液体抽动效应的详细动态，并提供了一个定量模型，以预测液态滴注撞击事件的结果。研究中开发的实验技术和物理见解对于解决滴撞击动力学和颗粒状冲击在更广泛的环境中遍布的困难问题非常有用。此外，该研究有助于说明颗粒状冲击围墙中的普遍特征，并可能为探测与小行星罢工相关的高能颗粒状冲击力的新方法。这项研究还可以使土壤科学研究有益于土壤侵蚀，关于小行星罢工的天体物理研究以及原始雨活动的地质研究。