EARS: Collaborative Research: Crowdsourcing-Based Spectrum Etiquette Enforcement in Dynamic Spectrum Access

EARS：协作研究：动态频谱访问中基于众包的频谱礼仪执行

• 批准号: 1444059
• 负责人: Dejun Yang
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1444059&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EARS; Collaborative; Research; Crowdsourcing; Based

The radio spectrum is becoming an increasingly valuable natural resource nowadays, while it has been shown that much of the spectrum is underutilized in existing licensed bands. To enhance spectrum utilization, dynamic spectrum access (DSA) has been envisioned as a set of promising new spectrum management paradigms, such as spectrum trading/auction and opportunistic spectrum access. While DSA and programmable cognitive radios enable a much higher flexibility of spectrum access, due to the openness of wireless medium, it is also susceptible to various forms of misuse or abuse. For example, unauthorized transmissions without a valid license, or secondary transmissions that intentionally disobey the interference constraints set by the primary users (radios). The misusers will not only gain higher throughput for themselves, but also harm the efficiency of spectrum access operations of normal users (radios). Therefore, enforcing spectrum access rules or etiquettes is crucial to ensuring the ultimate success of the DSA paradigm. This project develops a framework for etiquette and rule enforcing in dynamic spectrum sharing environments. The main idea of the proposed research is to engage community users (radios) to detect misuse, and identify and punish unruly devices. By crowdsourcing the tasks of monitoring neighborhood radio access behaviors to many cognitive radio devices, multiple benefits can be gained: 1) the potentially large number of participating devices can result in much larger detection coverage and accuracy; 2) no pervasive dedicated trusted infrastructure or hardware is needed; and 3) the fact that every device could possibly be a monitoring device leads to a much stronger deterrence to misbehaviors. The interdisciplinary research plan consists of four major components: 1) an optimized crowdsourced passive radio traffic monitoring framework to detect access misbehavior in the vast DSA spectrum; 2) techniques to identify misbehaving cognitive radio devices using physical layer identification, even when the signal waveform can be adaptively modified; 3) techniques for immediate punishment of spectrum misuse through adaptive friendly jamming which exploits multi-functional re-configurable antennas; and 4) incentive mechanism design via auctions to ensure user participation in each task of crowdsourced etiquette enforcement. The success of this project will benefit multiple current and future application domains deploying DSA, especially those that require critical information protection, such as healthcare, transportation, energy, public services, emergency, and military services.

如今，无线电频谱已成为越来越有价值的自然资源，而已经证明，现有许可频段中的许多频谱都没有充分利用。为了提高光谱利用，动态频谱访问（DSA）被设想为一组有希望的新频谱管理范式，例如频谱交易/拍卖和机会频谱访问。尽管DSA和可编程的认知无线电可以使频谱访问的灵活性更高，但由于无线介质的开放性，但它也容易受到各种形式的滥用或滥用的影响。例如，未经授权的传输没有有效的许可证，或故意不服从主用户设定的干扰约束（RARDIOS）的次要传输。误用者不仅会为自己获得更高的吞吐量，而且会损害普通用户（收音机）的频谱访问操作的效率。因此，执行频谱访问规则或礼节对于确保DSA范式的最终成功至关重要。该项目在动态频谱共享环境中为礼节和规则执行开发一个框架。拟议研究的主要思想是吸引社区用户（收音机）来检测滥用，并识别和惩罚不守规矩的设备。通过向许多认知无线电设备监视邻里无线电访问行为的任务，可以获得多个好处：1）潜在的参与设备可能会导致更大的检测覆盖范围和准确性； 2）不需要普遍的专用基础架构或硬件； 3）每个设备可能是监视设备的事实会导致行为不端的威慑力更大。跨学科研究计划由四个主要组成部分组成：1）优化的众包无线电交通监控框架，以检测广泛的DSA频谱中的访问行为不当； 2）即使可以自适应修改信号波形，也可以使用物理层识别来识别行为不当的认知无线电设备的技术； 3）通过自适应友好的干扰来利用多功能重新配置天线来立即滥用频谱的技术； 4）通过拍卖的激励机制设计，以确保用户参与众包礼仪执法的每项任务。该项目的成功将使部署DSA的多个当前和未来的应用领域受益，尤其是那些需要关键信息保护的域，例如医疗保健，运输，能源，公共服务，紧急情况和军事服务。