EARS: Collaborative Research: Automated Enforcement in Spectrum Sharing: Technical Challenges and Policy Considerations

EARS：协作研究：频谱共享的自动执行：技术挑战和政策考虑

• 批准号: 1642928
• 负责人: Jung-Min Park
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1642928&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EARS; Collaborative; Research; Automated; Enforcement

The increased demand for wireless communications over the last 25 years has led to the emergence of a new national priority: dynamic sharing of the radio spectrum among different stakeholders. Users with different rights and priorities must now collaborate to share a common resource without interfering with each other. A reliable enforcement regime that ensures rights is a way to make these rights meaningful and mitigate the associated risks. As spectrum sharing becomes a more widely adopted paradigm for utilizing the spectrum, it will become necessary to deploy a systematic enforcement regime that can be automated to the maximum extent possible so that the enforcement processes can occur in near real time and at scale while incurring reasonable financial costs. Much of the research and practice to date has focused on interference protection of the incumbents and on preventative (i.e., ex ante) approaches. This research examines approaches to improving ex ante protections, detecting interference events, identifying the interfering parties, and determining how these events are best enforced and adjudicated using techniques that can be readily automated.Static ex ante approaches (e.g., exclusion zones) are not readily adaptable to policy changes, and have high social costs. Database-driven approaches can be more responsive to changes, but require constant connectivity with radios and may not be geographically fine-grained. The investigators will develop the core components for enabling efficient policy-based spectrum access to reduce the social cost of ex ante enforcement. The investigators also aim to advance techniques to automate the enforcement of events after they occur, i.e., automate ex post enforcement. This involves detection, forensic analysis and adjudication. To automate the detection of events, the investigators will develop an efficient technique that uses mobile agents that have different roles in identifying, verifying and localizing a potentially enforceable event. The adjudication process involves identifying the non-compliant transmitters and ensuring that they comply with the necessary standards. To this end, the investigators propose to develop a transmitter identification scheme and a remote attestation scheme. Finally, the investigators will examine the different institutional strategies for ex post enforcement (i.e., third party enforcement, self-enforcement, and cooperative mutual enforcement) with the goal of understanding under what circumstances each approach would apply to spectrum sharing. These approaches promise to improve ex ante enforcement techniques and to advance ex post enforcement processes in a way that can be used to construct a comprehensive, robust and cost-effective enforcement system.

在过去25年中，对无线通信的需求增加导致了新的国家优先事项的出现：不同利益相关者之间无线电谱系的动态共享。 具有不同权利和优先级的用户现在必须合作以共享一个共同的资源而不会彼此干扰。 确保权利的可靠执法制度是使这些权利有意义并减轻相关风险的一种方式。 随着频谱共享成为利用频谱的更广泛采用的范式，将有必要部署系统的执法制度，该制度可以在最大程度上可以自动化，以便实时和规模较大，同时出现合理的财务成本。 迄今为止，许多研究和实践都集中在对现有企业和预防措施（即Ex Ante）方法的干扰保护上。 这项研究研究了改善事前保护，检测干扰事件，确定干扰方以及确定这些事件如何最好地强制执行和裁决的方法，使用可以容易自动化的技术。静止的方法（例如，排除区域）不容易适应政策变化，并具有高度的社会成本。 数据库驱动的方法可以对变化更敏感，但需要与无线电的持续连通性，并且可能不会在地理上细粒度。 调查人员将开发核心组成部分，以实现有效的基于政策的频谱访问，以降低实体执法的社会成本。调查人员还旨在提高技术发生后的实施技术，即自动执行后执行。 这涉及检测，法医分析和裁决。 为了自动化事件的检测，研究人员将开发一种有效的技术，该技术使用在识别，验证和本地化潜在可执行的事件方面具有不同作用的移动药物。裁决过程涉及确定不合规的发射器，并确保它们遵守必要的标准。为此，调查人员建议制定发射机识别方案和远程证明方案。 最后，调查人员将研究后执行后的不同制度策略（即第三方执法，自我执法和合作互助执法），目的是在哪种情况下了解每种方法适用于频谱共享。这些方法有望改善实体执法技术，并以可用于构建全面，健壮和成本效益的执法系统的方式推进后执法过程。

项目成果

Preserving the Incumbent Users’ Location Privacy in the 3.5 GHz Band

保护 3.5 GHz 频段现有用户的位置隐私

• DOI: 10.1109/dyspan.2018.8610470
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN
• 作者: Li, He;Dou, Yanzhi;Lu, Chang;Zabransky, Doug;Yang, Yaling;Park, Jung-Min Jerry
• 通讯作者: Park, Jung-Min Jerry

Co-Existence of NB-IoT and Radar in Shared Spectrum: An Experimental Study

NB-IoT 与雷达在共享频谱中共存：实验研究

• DOI: 10.1109/glocom.2017.8255047
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: IEEE Global Communications Conference
• 作者: Bhattarai, Sudeep;Vaka, Pradeep R.;Park, Jung-Min
• 通讯作者: Park, Jung-Min

Transmitter authentication using hierarchical modulation in dynamic spectrum sharing

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnca.2017.05.007
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
• 作者: Vireshwar Kumar;J. Park;Kaigui Bian

Agent-Based Modeling Approach for Developing Enforcement Mechanisms in Spectrum Sharing Scenarios: An Application for the 1695-1710mhz Band

用于开发频谱共享场景中执行机制的基于代理的建模方法：1695-1710mhz 频段的应用

• DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3142122
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: SSRN Electronic Journal
• 作者: Bustamante, Pedro;Gomez, Marcela;Weiss, Martin B.;Znati, Taieb;Park, Jung-Min;Das, Debarun;Rose, J Stephanie
• 通讯作者: Rose, J Stephanie

Crowd-Sourced Authentication for Enforcement in Dynamic Spectrum Sharing

• DOI: 10.1109/tccn.2019.2909028
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Vireshwar Kumar;He Li;J. Park;Kaigui Bian