Geochemical Controls on Hazardous Element Mobilization in Shales and Precipitation in Wastewater Treatment

页岩中有害元素迁移和废水处理中沉淀的地球化学控制

• 批准号: 1438278
• 负责人: Catherine Peters
• 金额: $ 33.05万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1438278&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geochemical; Controls; Hazardous; Element; Mobilization

1438278PetersGeochemical controls on hazardous element mobilization in shales and precipitation in wastewater treatment Unconventional gas production, that is hydraulic fracturing or "fracking", holds the potential of making the US energy positive. However, during the fracking process it is possible to produce vast quantities of flow-back and production wastewaters. Flow-back water results from the fracking process itself where some of that water may return to the surface, and is known as flow-back water. It is also possible that water that has been in the shale formation may also come back to the surface and is referred to as produced water. In both cases one of the fears is that this water may contaminate either or both subsurface and surface waters. This project will study the chemistry of these waters to help inform others on the potential of environmental degradation. Also, as part of this project, through educational and outreach activities centered on the topics of energy and the environment, another goal is to inspire and excite young people about science and engineering in the context of relevant contemporary issues, and to instill confidence for academic achievement. Through a partnership with Princeton University's PACE Center, an educational program will be developed for middle-school children at Princeton's Community House, a program that seeks to close the minority achievement gap in the local community. For this project, after-school activities will be developed to introduce topics of energy production and environmental stewardship.From a scientific point of view, this project will provide a better understanding of the geochemical controls on hazardous element mobilization in flow-back and production wastewaters during fracking and shale gas extraction. The project will generate first-of-a-kind information about how barium (Ba), uranium (U) and radium (Ra) in shale formation rocks are distributed among mineral and organic phases. This information is critical for the development of geochemical models that predict hazardous element mobilization due to selective dissolution of mineral phases. Collectively the new knowledge gained will lead to a generalizable approach to assess hazardous element contamination in flow-back and production wastewaters. This project will use the advanced understanding of flow-back and production wastewaters content to generate fundamentally new knowledge about the factors that affect Ba and Ra co-precipitation relevant to industrial treatment operations, and how fracking fluid additives may inhibit or foster this process.

1438278 PETERSECHEMICAL COCHATICAL SORONTAL对危险元件动员的动员和废水处理中的降水量非常规气体产生，即液压压裂或“压裂”，具有使美国能量阳性的潜力。 但是，在压裂过程中，可以生产大量的流动和生产废水。 流动水水是由压裂过程本身产生的，其中一些水可能会返回表面，被称为流水。 在页岩形成中的水也可能还会回到表面，并被称为产生的水。在这两种情况下，人们担心这种水可能会污染地下水和地表水。该项目将研究这些水域的化学反应，以帮助他人告知环境退化的潜力。同样，作为该项目的一部分，通过以能源和环境主题为中心的教育和外展活动，另一个目标是在相关当代问题的背景下激发和激发年轻人对科学和工程的兴趣，并灌输对学术成就的信心。通过与普林斯顿大学的步调中心的合作关系，将为普林斯顿社区之家的中学儿童制定一个教育计划，该计划旨在缩小当地社区的少数成就差距。对于该项目，将开发课后活动来介绍能源生产和环境管理的主题。从科学的角度来看，该项目将更好地理解有关在潮流和潮流中的危险元素动员和生产废物中的危险元件动员的地球化学控制。该项目将生成有关页岩地层岩石中钡（BA），铀（U）和镭（RA）如何分布在矿物和有机相之间的首次信息。该信息对于由于矿物相选择性溶解而预测危险元件动员的地球化学模型至关重要。总体而言，获得的新知识将导致一种可概括的方法来评估流动和生产废水中的危险元素污染。该项目将利用对流动和生产废水含量的深入了解，从根本上产生有关影响BA和RA与工业治疗行动相关的因素的新知识，以及压裂流体添加剂如何抑制或促进这一过程。