IDR: Collaborative Research: A Partnership for Multiscale Experimental Study of CO2 Leakage and Vertical Flow in Geologic Carbon Sequestration

IDR：合作研究：地质碳封存中二氧化碳泄漏和垂直流多尺度实验研究的伙伴关系

• 批准号: 1133849
• 负责人: Catherine Peters
• 金额: $ 54.65万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1133849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDR; Collaborative; Research; Partnership; Multiscale

1134397 Clarens/1133849 Peters Geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is likely to play an important role in near-term efforts to provide carbon-neutral energy even though it has not yet been definitively demonstrated that CO2 injected into deep geologic formations will stay in place. This project assembles an interdisciplinary partnership to study the conditions that drive or inhibit leakage of CO2 through formation caprocks and the buoyancy-driven transport of CO2 through both caprocks and porous media. This integrated and multidisciplinary effort will generate experimental data to bridge the gap between bench-scale work on geochemical reactions and kilometer-scale simulations of GCS in the real world. Central to the proposed multiscale study are two novel high-pressure experimental test beds: a core-scale (cm-scale) vessel to study reaction and flow in caprock specimens (at Princeton), and a large-scale (6 m) pressurized column in which vertical flow of CO2 will be observed in sedimentary media (at the University of Virginia (UVA)). This approach will integrate experimental observation with two key tools for observation and inference: (1) a suite of lab- and synchrotron-based imaging methods to elucidate and quantify mineral reactions and alterations in pores/fractures (at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL)), and (2) reactive transport modeling to infer reaction rates, build predictive capacity, and conduct numerical experiments. The work is targeted to provide new insight critical to understanding the processes that will ultimately determine the viability of GCS. These processes are poorly understood because it is challenging to study reactions and two-phase flow in an integrated way, under high-pressure conditions, over realistic length scales. Reactions in heterogeneous media are best observed at small spatial scales (nm to μm), while flow is best observed over large scales (m to km). This project will elucidate the interrelation of these processes and provide answers to many of the persistent questions in the field such as: What are the conditions that lead to erosion or self-sealing of caprock flow paths? How do geochemical alterations of mineral surfaces alter CO2 flow? Will long-range buoyant CO2 flow be accelerated or decelerated by complexities in capillarity, viscosity, solubility, and Joule-Thomson cooling? These questions cannot be answered effectively by any single discipline. The project interdisciplinary team combines the expertise of an environmental engineer and expert in high-pressure fluid phase behavior (AFC), a geoenvironmental engineer with over a decade of experience in GCS research (CAP) and a geochemist with over 15 years of experience in advanced x-ray imaging techniques (JPF). This research will achieve broader impacts by identifying critical factors that determine the safe and effective sequestration of CO2 in deep geological reservoirs. The work will provide critical inputs to the effort of the United States to achieve the 2010 Presidential directive of overcoming the barriers to the widespread deployment of CCS within ten years. Furthermore, the experimental test beds constitute an investment in long-term study of CO2 flow and reaction in porous and fractured media. Lessons learned from these experiments can be applied to the design of larger facilities currently under development. The research also represents an effort to introduce global environmental change and carbon-neutral energy into the curricula at UVa and Princeton, and to use Brookhaven?s InSync outreach program to enable high school students to have remote access to experimental time at a synchrotron-based x-ray imaging facility.

1134397 CLARENS/1133849 PETERS地质碳固存（GCS）在近期努力中可能发挥重要作用，以提供碳中性能量，即使尚未确定地证明，将二氧化碳注入深层地质形态将留在原地。该项目组建了跨学科的合作伙伴关系，以研究通过岩层的形成水管以及通过caprocks和多孔培养基的浮力驱动的二氧化碳运输来驱动或抑制二氧化碳泄漏的条件。这种综合的多学科工作将生成实验数据，以弥合现实世界中GC的地球化学反应的台式工作与千分钟尺度模拟之间的差距。 拟议的多尺度研究的中心是两个新型的高压实验测试床：一个核心尺度（CM尺度）容器，用于研究Caprock标本中的反应和流动（在普林斯顿），以及一个大尺度（6 m）加压柱，其中CO2的垂直流在塞层介质（在弗吉尼亚大学（UVA）中）。这种方法将将实验观察与观察和推理的两个关键工具相结合：（1）基于实验室和同步加速器的成像方法的套件，以阐明和量化孔/裂缝（Brookhaven National Lab（BNL））的矿物反应以及变化，以及（2）反应速率和构建反应速率，构建数值和行为的反应速率和（2）反应模型，并进行了数值实验。 这项工作旨在提供新的见解，以了解最终决定GC的生存能力的过程至关重要。这些过程被鲜为人知，因为在高压条件下，在逼真的长度尺度上，研究反应和两相流动是具有挑战性的。最好在小空间尺度（NM至＆＃956; m）上观察到异质介质中的反应，而在大尺度（m至km）上最好观察到流量。该项目将阐明这些过程的相互关系，并为该领域中许多持久性问题提供答案，例如：什么是导致Caprock流动路径的侵蚀或自我密封的条件？矿物表面的地球化学改变如何改变二氧化碳流量？毛细血管，粘度，溶解度和Joule-Thomson冷却的复杂性会加速或减速远距离浮力二氧化碳流量吗？任何单一学科都无法有效回答这些问题。该项目跨学科团队结合了环境工程师和高压流体阶段行为（AFC）的专业知识，这是一名地理环境工程师，拥有十多年的GCS研究经验（CAP），并且具有15年以上在高级X射线成像技术（JPF）方面经验超过15年。 这项研究将通过确定确定深层地质储层中CO2安全和有效隔离的关键因素来实现更广泛的影响。这项工作将为美国努力实现2010年总统指令的努力提供关键的意见，以克服十年内广泛部署CC的障碍。此外，实验测试床构成了对多孔和断裂培养基中二氧化碳流量和反应的长期研究的投资。从这些实验中学到的经验教训可以应用于目前正在开发的较大设施的设计中。 这项研究还代表着在UVA和普林斯顿的课程中引入全球环境变化和碳中性能源的努力，并使用Brookhaven的INSYNC外展计划，以使高中生能够在基于同步加速器的X射线成像设施中远程访问实验时间。