Combinatorial Additive Manufacturing Approach for Fabricating Nano/Micro 3D Structures

用于制造纳米/微米 3D 结构的组合增材制造方法

基本信息

批准号：
1435649
负责人：
Salil Desai
金额：
$ 24.96万
依托单位：
North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1435649&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Combinatorial Additive Manufacturing Approach Fabricating

项目摘要

The fabrication of three dimensional structures in free space is important for building certain miniaturized devices. Additive manufacturing popularly called as 3D printing is critical in advancing this field. Over the past three decades additive manufacturing methods have been explored to build complex parts using metals, ceramics and polymers. However, many of these methods can fabricate structures at a fixed dimension with minimal control on the local composition and microstructure. This limits their applicability to the manufacturing of novel devices which require variation in local topography. This research aims to develop a combinatorial additive process by combining microextrusion and droplet based fabrication methods. The hybrid manufacturing method will enable the fabrication of structures that have controlled density, material content, lattice structure, porosity and geometrical configuration based on the application intent. Typical applications include tissue engineering scaffolds, high performance energy devices, and embedded electronics for aerospace components. This research will positively impact the US economy by spurring jobs within the industrial sector and lead to fundamental process investigations within the academic and research communities. This research will impact underrepresented students in discovery based learning of advanced manufacturing methods at a historically black university. This research investigates the additive manufacturing of hierarchical nano/microstructures using a combination of filament based micro extrusion and droplet based manufacturing. The objectives of this research include: (1) understanding micro/nano structure formations using the hybrid approach; (2) studying the filament extrusion, nano/micro droplet deposition, laser irradiation and solidification of materials; and (3) establishing relationships among interacting process parameters by experimental design of hybrid process. The micro extrusion process will be employed to deposit microscale filaments of material based on the nozzle size. These filament lattice structures will be deposited with droplets ranging from nano to micro size based on a scalable direct-write manufacturing method. The droplet content can range from molten metal, polymers to nanoparticle solutions which serve as an effective method to infiltrate selective regions of the filament to produce the desired microstructure and material property. High power CO2 laser system will be used to selectively sinter the deposited structures in multiple layers to generate a 3D part. Using finite element analysis and molecular dynamics models, computational models will be developed to study intriguing multiphysics phenomena during the interaction of micro filament structures with micro and nano droplets.

在自由空间中制造三维结构对于构建某些小型化设备非常重要。增材制造（俗称 3D 打印）对于推动这一领域的发展至关重要。在过去的三十年里，人们一直在探索增材制造方法来使用金属、陶瓷和聚合物来制造复杂的零件。然而，这些方法中的许多方法可以制造固定尺寸的结构，而对局部成分和微观结构的控制最少。这限制了它们在制造需要改变局部地形的新型设备中的适用性。本研究旨在通过结合微挤出和基于液滴的制造方法来开发组合增材工艺。混合制造方法将能够根据应用意图制造具有受控密度、材料含量、晶格结构、孔隙率和几何配置的结构。典型应用包括组织工程支架、高性能能源设备和航空航天部件的嵌入式电子设备。这项研究将通过刺激工业部门的就业机会对美国经济产生积极影响，并引发学术界和研究界的基本流程调查。这项研究将影响一所历史悠久的黑人大学中代表性不足的学生对先进制造方法的基于发现的学习。这项研究研究了基于长丝的微挤出和基于液滴的制造相结合的分层纳米/微米结构的增材制造。本研究的目标包括：（1）使用混合方法了解微/纳米结构的形成；（2）研究材料的长丝挤出、纳米/微米液滴沉积、激光辐照和固化； (3)通过混合过程的实验设计建立相互作用的过程参数之间的关系。微挤压工艺将用于根据喷嘴尺寸沉积微型材料丝。这些细丝晶格结构将基于可扩展的直写制造方法沉积有从纳米到微米尺寸的液滴。液滴含量范围可以从熔融金属、聚合物到纳米颗粒溶液，这是渗透细丝选择性区域以产生所需微观结构和材料性能的有效方法。高功率 CO2 激光系统将用于选择性地烧结多层沉积结构以生成 3D 零件。使用有限元分析和分子动力学模型，将开发计算模型来研究微丝结构与微米和纳米液滴相互作用过程中有趣的多物理现象。