Relative sea-level changes from near-, intermediate- and far-field locations and their implications for geophysical modeling and 20th century ice sheet-ocean interactions

近场、中场和远场位置的相对海平面变化及其对地球物理建模和 20 世纪冰盖-海洋相互作用的影响

• 批准号: 1419366
• 负责人: Benjamin Horton
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-15 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1419366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Relative; sea; level; changes; near

The goal of this research is to synthesize a database of sea-level observations in a systematic and rigorous fashion for the Atlantic coast of North America, Bermuda and the Caribbean for the last 20,000 years. The database will facilitate the interpretation of relative sea-level (RSL) change on a regional scale and enable the tuning and refinement of Earth system models that focus on predicting RSL change and its spatial variability. The database consists of 60 study locations, permitting a suite of geophysical parameters to be constrained. Earth?s lower mantle viscosity will be defined by near-field and ice-margin RSL data from the Atlantic coast of Canada and northeastern United States while the upper mantle viscosity will be reliant on intermediate-field RSL data from the mid Atlantic. Far-field RSL data from the southern United States and Caribbean will constrain ice-equivalent meltwater input. The database will be further used to decontaminate 20th century rates of sea-level rise from tides gauges to reveal spatial variability related to ocean mass and volume changes.At the heart of this project is a database of sea level from North America (the Atlantic coast of Canada and the United States) and the Caribbean that stretches back 20,000 years. This will be significant to a number of disciplines in the Earth sciences. For example, careful reconstruction of sea levels from the past will reveal the contribution from land-based ice to sea-level change during deglaciation after the last ice age. In addition, the data will provide vital constraints on key parameters in geophysical models of the Earth that are used in a variety of other applications (e.g., plate tectonics, glaciology and paleoclimate). Overall, the observations will extend the time range of comparisons with historical and present-day changes. Consequently, this research promises to increase our understanding of the driving mechanisms of sea level change and enhance our predictions of 21st century sea-level rise. The research will also provide an important and unique contribution to the assessment of national hazards with respect to sea-level rise and coastal responses.

这项研究的目标是以系统、严格的方式综合北美大西洋沿岸、百慕大和加勒比地区过去2万年的海平面观测数据库。该数据库将有助于解释区域范围内的相对海平面（RSL）变化，并能够调整和完善专注于预测RSL变化及其空间变异性的地球系统模型。该数据库由 60 个研究地点组成，允许约束一套地球物理参数。地球下地幔粘度将由加拿大大西洋沿岸和美国东北部的近场和冰缘RSL数据定义，而上地幔粘度将依赖于大西洋中部的中场RSL数据。来自美国南部和加勒比地区的远场 RSL 数据将限制冰当量融水输入。该数据库将进一步用于净化来自潮汐计的 20 世纪海平面上升率，以揭示与海洋质量和体积变化相关的空间变化。该项目的核心是北美（大西洋沿岸）海平面数据库加拿大和美国）和加勒比海地区的历史可以追溯到 20,000 年前。这对于地球科学的许多学科都具有重要意义。例如，仔细重建过去的海平面将揭示上一个冰河时代后冰消期间陆基冰对海平面变化的贡献。此外，这些数据将为地球物理模型中的关键参数提供重要的约束，这些模型可用于各种其他应用（例如板块构造、冰川学和古气候）。总体而言，观察结果将扩大与历史和当前变化进行比较的时间范围。因此，这项研究有望增进我们对海平面变化驱动机制的理解，并增强我们对 21 世纪海平面上升的预测。该研究还将为评估海平面上升和沿海反应方面的国家危害做出重要而独特的贡献。