International Collaboration in Chemistry: Collaborative Research: Development of Novel Catalysts and Approaches for Parahydrogen-Induced Enhancement of Magnetic Resonance

国际化学合作：合作研究：开发仲氢诱导磁共振增强的新型催化剂和方法

• 批准号: 1416432
• 负责人: Boyd Goodson
• 金额: $ 26.04万
• 依托单位: Southern Illinois University at Carbondale
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1416432&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Collaboration; Chemistry; Collaborative; Research; International; Collaboration; Chemistry; Collaborative; Research

With this award, the Chemical Measurement and Imaging Program is supporting a collaborative team comprised of research groups in Russia (led by Igor Koptyug of ITC Novosibirsk) and the US (led by Boyd Goodson of Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and Eduard Chekmenev of Vanderbilt University) for research to improve the capabilities of nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, the key technology behind magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a widely used diagnostic tool in modern medicine. The investigators are exploring a possible modification that could enhance the sensitivity of this technique by many orders of magnitude, thus improving MRI while also contributing to the improvement of technologies for visualizing other types of systems. The research is exploring the use of a special form of hydrogen known as parahydrogen that has been shown to enhance an NMR signal. The work is bringing a variety of techniques to bear on the task of understanding how this special form of hydrogen works in order to develop more accurate and sensitive imaging methods. The work is having a broad impact on the development of new scientific instruments that will find applications in a wide variety of fields from medicine to chemical manufacturing. It is having a further broad impact by bringing scientists together across borders to work on problems of mutual global interest. This project is contributing to the training of the next generation of scientists by providing opportunities for students at all levels to participate in a highly interdisciplinary, multi-site training environment. Specifically, students at the US sites are able to visit and carry out research projects at the international collaborator's site in Novosibirsk, one of Asia's most important research hubs.The overall objective is to develop new catalytic materials and approaches that can dramatically improve the applicability of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) techniques. Low detection sensitivity remains an Achilles Heel of many conventional methods such as NMR and MRI. However, the pure anti-phase spin order of parahydrogen (pH2) can be exploited to achieve highly non-equilibrium nuclear spin population distributions ("polarizations") in certain types of molecules, thereby enabling the enhancement of NMR/MRI detection sensitivity by orders of magnitude. More specifically, these efforts concern the synthesis, evaluation, and NMR demonstration of: 1) new heterogeneous catalysts for traditional PHIP (which involves the hydrogenation of unsaturated moieties with pH2); and 2) new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange - a technique where spin order is transferred from pH2 to molecules without requiring irreversible chemical change). New approaches exploiting in situ high-field SABRE are also under study. Additionally, these experiments are supported by the construction of an automated portable HET-PHIP/SABRE polarizer with in situ MR detection and automated pH2 generation. These research efforts endeavor to provide greater insight into current limitations for key PHIP approaches, while working to dramatically improve their utility.

有了这个奖项，化学测量和成像计划正在支持一个由俄罗斯的研究小组（由ITC Novosibirsk的Igor Koptyug领导）和美国（由Carbondale Southern Inlinois University的Boyd Goodson领导的俄罗斯研究小组（由Carbondale University的Boyd Goodson领导）和EDUARD CHEKMENEV University的Eduarard Chekmenev的研究，以改善核能弹药的核能，或（MRI），现代医学中广泛使用的诊断工具。研究人员正在探索可能通过许多数量级来增强该技术的灵敏度的可能修改，从而改善了MRI，同时也有助于改善可视化其他类型系统的技术。这项研究正在探索使用一种特殊形式的氢，称为偏海基因，该氢被证明可以增强NMR信号。这项工作是为了了解这种特殊形式的氢如何运作以开发更准确和敏感的成像方法的任务来实现各种技术。这项工作对新科学仪器的发展产生了广泛的影响，这些仪器将在从药物到化学制造的各种领域中找到应用。它通过将科学家跨越边界汇聚在一起，致力于解决共同全球兴趣问题，从而产生更广泛的影响。该项目通过为学生提供参与高度跨学科的多站点培训环境的学生提供机会，为下一代科学家的培训做出贡献。具体来说，美国网站的学生能够在Novosibirsk的国际合作者网站上访问和执行研究项目，Novosibirsk是亚洲最重要的研究枢纽之一。总体目标是开发新的催化材料和方法，这些材料和方法可以极大地改善帕拉亚果气诱导的极化（PHIP）技术的适用性。低检测灵敏度仍然是许多常规方法（例如NMR和MRI）的致命弱点。然而，可以利用偏二氢（PH2）的纯反相自旋顺序，以在某些类型的分子中实现高度非平衡的核自旋种群分布（“极化”），从而通过数量级来增强NMR/MRI检测敏感性。更具体地说，这些努力涉及：1）传统PHIP的新异质催化剂的合成，评估和NMR演示（涉及使用PH2的不饱和部分的氢化）； 2）新的均质和异质催化剂（通过可逆交换进行信号扩增 - 一种技术，即旋转顺序从pH2转移到分子而不需要不可逆的化学变化）。利用原位高地军刀的新方法也正在研究中。此外，通过使用原位MR检测和自动化的PH2生成的自动便携式HET-PIPH/SABER偏光剂来支持这些实验。这些研究工作努力为关键PHIP方法的当前局限性提供更多的了解，同时努力大幅度改善其效用。